The Competitiveness of Nations in a Global Knowledge-Based Economy

THE KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY

A Literature Search

Harry Hillman Chartrand ©, March 2002

                       

 Content

Introduction

Table 1: Number of Articles by Journal by Period Covered

Table 2: Journals by CD

Table 3: Working Definition of Keywords

Table 4: Number of Article by Keyword

Introduction

As a step towards completion of my thesis: The Competitiveness of Nations in a Global Knowledge-Based Economy a literature search was conducted of 11 journals – 10 economic and 1 political science - covering the period 1886 to 1998 using the electronic JSTOR – The Scholarly Journal Archive http://www.jstor.org/ (Table 1). The electronic search is to be followed by a review of ‘hard copy’ issues of the same journals up to the present, i.e., the Spring of 2002.  The intent of the search is to establish the ‘state of the art’ concerning the concept of the knowledge-based economy. It will be against this baseline that the originality of the thesis may be assessed.  A total of 1070 articles by 733 authors were downloaded in pdf format and stored on CD-ROM (1.64 GB) by journal title.  A separate index of Journals by CD is reported in Table 2.  

Articles were then classified using 10 keyword categories. Working definitions are provided in Table 3.  The number of articles found by keyword is reported in Table 4.  Categories were developed in response to the finding that the term ‘knowledge-based economy’ appeared no where in the journals during the period covered.  In fact, the phrase ‘knowledge-based’ was found only once in:

Kohn, M. and Marion N. "The Implications of Knowledge-Based Growth for the Optimality of Open Capital Markets." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1992, 25 (14), 865-883)

The complete bibliography, sorted by keyword, is attached to this report as a separate document.  It runs to 47 printed pages.  It is also available on my PhD website as Part 2: Keyword.  During late spring and early summer 2002 the collection will be reviewed, a ‘paper’ search of more recent issues of relevant journals conducted and a final report issued on “the state of the art” regarding the knowledge-based economy will be issued including annotations of significant articles. 

 

Table 1

Number of Articles by Journal by Period Covered

     Journal

Period

1. American Economic Review, 1911-1998

            including American Economic Association Quarterly, 1908-1910

            Publications of the American Economic Association, 1886-1907

2. Canadian Journal of Economics 1968-1998

            including Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 1935-1967

            Contributions to Canadian Economics, 1928-1934

3. Economica 1921-1996

4. Economic Journal 1891-1995

5. Journal of Evolutionary Economics (non-JSTOR), 1997-2001

6. Journal of Economic History, 1970-1996

7. Journal of Economic Literature, 1969-1998

8. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1987-1998

9. Journal of Industrial Economics, 1980-1996

10. Political Science Quarterly, 1886-1997

11. Quarterly Journal of Economics 1886-1996

Miscellaneous

Total

295*

--

5

53*

71

4

67*

187*

10

17

25*

26*

42

 50*

213*

5

1070

     

Table 2

Journals by CD

     Journal

Code        CD

1. American Economic Review, 1911-1998

            including American Economic Association Quarterly, 1908-1910

            Publications of the American Economic Association, 1886-1907

2. Canadian Journal of Economics 1968-1998

            including Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 1935-1967

            Contributions to Canadian Economics, 1928-1934

3. Economica 1921-1996

4. Economic Journal 1891-1995

5.  Journal of Evolutionary Economics (non-JSTOR), 1997-2001

6. Journal of Economic History, 1970-1996

7. Journal of Economic Literature, 1969-1998

8. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1987-1998

9. Journal of Industrial Economics, 1980-1996

10. Political Science Quarterly, 1886-1997

11. Quarterly Journal of Economics 1886-1996

AER

 

 

CJE

 

 

Economica

EJ

JEE

JEH

JEL

JEP

JIE

PSQ

 QJE

  #1

 

 

#2

 

 

#2

#2

#2

 #2

#2

#3

#3

#3

 #3

 

Table 3

Working Definition of Keywords

1.      Competitiveness: generally ‘national’ competitiveness

2.      Cultural Economics: anthropological, artistic, cultural, linguistic and religious aspects of economics

3.      Economic Thought: ‘catch-all’ category for general economic concepts

4.      Evolutionary Economics: based on the work of J. A. Schumpeter as well as biological economics

5.      Globalization: generally articles dealing with aspects of the ‘world’ economy

6.      Institutional Economics: works of both ‘old’ and ‘new’ institutional economics emphasizing the impact of ‘routinized patterns of human behaviour’ on economic performance

7.      Innovation: generally excluding deductive mathematical modeling

8.      Intellectual Property: copyright, patents and trademarks

9.      Knowledge: epistemological aspects of economics

10.  X-Efficiency: based on work of Harvey Leibenstein concerning ‘consumption in the act of production

 

                   Table 4

Number of Articles by Keyword

         Keyword                                                                              Articles

Competitiveness                                                                                     64

Cultural Economics                                                                                 36

Economic Thought                                                                                201

Evolutionary Economics                                                                          98

Globalization                                                                                           30

Innovation                                                                                            303

Institutional Economics                                                                          180

Intellectual Property                                                                                77

Knowledge                                                                                             59

X-Efficiency                                                                                           22

                                                                                                     Total      1070        

 

Literature Search by Keyword

1. Competitiveness

  1. Adams, W. J. "Firm Size and Research Activity: France and the United States." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1970, 84 (3), 386-409.

  2. Ames, E. and Ferguson A. R. "Technological Change and the Equilibrium Level of the National Income." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1948, 62 (3), 441-458.

  3. Bauer, P. T. and Wilson C. "The Stages of Growth." Economica, May 1962, 29 (114), 190-200.

  4. Breton, A. "The Growth of Competitive Governments." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1989, 22 (4), 717-750.

  5. Brozen, Y. "Technological Change, Ideology and Productivity." Political Science Quarterly, December 1955, 70 (4), 522-542.

  6. Cohen, B. J. "The Seignorage Gain of An International Currency: An Empirical Test." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1971, 85 (3), 494-507.

  7. Fagerberg, J. "International Competitiveness." Economic Journal, June 1988, 98 (391), 355-374.

  8. Fagerberg, J. "Technology and International Differences in Growth Rates." Journal of Economic Literature, September 1994, 32 (3), 1147-1175.

  9. Freidberg, A. L. "The Future of American Power." Political Science Quarterly, Spring 1994, 109 (1), 1-22.

  10. Frieberg, A. L. "The Changing Relationship between Economics and National Security." Political Science Quarterly, Summer 1991, 106 (2), 265-276.

  11. Gailbraith, J. K. "Power and the Useful Economist." American Economic Review, March 1973, 63 (1), 1-11.

  12. Ginsberg, M. "The Theory of Progress." Economica, October 1922, 0 (6), 228-237.

  13. Gordon, S. "The Rise and Decline of Nations: Economic Growth, Stagflation and Social Rigidities." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1983, 16 (3), 531-533.

  14. Gowen, H. H. ""The Indian Machiavelli" or Political Theory in India Two Thousand Years Ago." Political Science Quarterly, June 1929, 44 (2), 173-192.

  15. Grossfield, K. and Heath J. B. "The Benefits and Costs of Government Support of Research and Development: A Case Study." Economic Journal, September 1966, 76 (303), 537-549.

  16. Hagen, E. E. "An Economic Justification of Protectionism." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1958, 72 (4), 496-514.

  17. Hagen, E. E. "An Economic Justification of Protectionism: Reply." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1961, 75 (1), 145-151.

  18. Hartwick, J. M. "Canada's Science Policy and the Economy; Reviews of National Science Policy: Canada." Canadian Journal of Economics, February 1971, 4 (1), 104-106.

  19. Ikenberry, G. J. "The Future of International Leadership." Political Science Quarterly, Autumn 1996, 111 (3), 385-402.

  20. Jeffries, I. "The Innovation Decision in Soviet Industry." Economic Journal, June 1977, 87 (346), 377-378.

  21. Jevons, H. S. "The State and Economic Life: The New Internationalism." Economic Journal, March 1935, 45 (177), 169-170.

  22. Kemp, M. C. "Technological Change, the Terms of Trade and Welfare." Economic Journal, September 1955, 65 (259), 457-473.

  23. King, R. W. "Technology and Social Progress." Political Science Quarterly, March 1961, 76 (1), 3-10.

  24. King, R. W. "Whither the Technological State?" Political Science Quarterly, March 1950, 65 (1), 55-67.

  25. Kohn, M. and Marion N. "The Implications of Knowledge-Based Growth for the Optimality of Open Capital Markets." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1992, 25 (14), 865-883.

  26. Koo, A. Y. C. "An Economic Justification of Protectionism: Comment." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1961, 75 (1), 133-144.

  27. Laitner, J. "Long-Run Growth and Human Capital." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1993, 26 (4), 796-814.

  28. Laudidio, L. "New Theories of the Multinational Enterprise; Multinationals and Technology Transfer: The Canadian Experience." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1984, 17 (3), 609-611.

  29. Lipton, M. "The Political Economy of Nationalism." Economic Journal, December 1985, 95 (380), 1121-1122.

  30. MacMillan, C. H. "Trade and Technology in Soviet-Western Relations." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1982, 15 (3), 553-555.

  31. Martin, F. "The Information Effect of Economic Planning." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1965, 30 (3), 328-342.

  32. Maxwell, W. R. "Economic Theory and National Purpose." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1936, 2 (2), 119-127.

  33. McMillan, C. H. "Trade and Technology in Soviet-Western Relations." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1982, 15 (3), 553-555.

  34. Moomaw, R. L. "Productivity and City Size: A Critique of the Evidence." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1981, 96 (4), 675-688.

  35. Mueller, D. "Competitive Governments: An Economic Theory of Politics and Public Finance ." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1997, 30 (4a), 997-1003.

  36. Murphy, K. M. et al. "The Allocation of Talent: Implications for Growth." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1991, 106 (2), 503-530.

  37. North, D. C. "Government and the Cost of Exchange." Journal of Economic History, June 1984, 44 (2), 255-264.

  38. Nove, A. "Technology in Comcon, Acceleration of Technological Progress through Economic Planning and the Market." Economic Journal, September 1975, 85 (339), 642-644.

  39. Okyar, O. "The Concept of Etatism." Economic Journal, March 1965, 75 (297), 98-111.

  40. Parsons, T. "Science Legislation and the Social Sciences." Political Science Quarterly, June 1947, 62 (2), 241-249.

  41. Peterson, H. "The Wizard who Oversimplified: A Fable." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1965, 79 (2), 209-211.

  42. Purvais, D. D. "Technology, Trade and Factor Mobility." Economic Journal, September 1972, 82 (327), 991-999.

  43. Quigley, N. C. "Canadian Banks and Global Competitiveness ." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1995, 28 (3), 721-723.

  44. Reich, R. B. "What is a Nation?" Political Science Quarterly, Summer 1991, 106 (2), 193-209.

  45. Romano, R. E. "Aspects of R&D Subsidization." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1989, 104 (4), 863-873.

  46. Rymes, T. K. "Structural Change and Economic Growth: A Theoretical Essay on the Dynamics of the Wealth of Nations." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1984, 17 (2), 403-407.

  47. Samuels, W. J. "The Physiocratic Theory of Economic Policy." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1962, 76 (1), 145-162.

  48. Sarkar, B. K. "The Hindu Theory of the State." Political Science Quarterly, March 1921, 36 (1), 79-90.

  49. Savary, J. "Changing the Rules: Technological Change, International Competition and Regulation in Communications." Canadian Journal of Economics, February 1990, 23 (1), 245-247.

  50. Silver, M. "The Relationship between Nationalism and Per Capita Gross National Product: Comment." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1967, 81 (1), 155-157.

  51. Smith, J. G. "Economic Nationalism and International Trade." Economic Literature, December 1935, 45 (180), 619-648.

  52. Stoikov, V. "The Allocation of Scientific Effort: Some Important Aspects." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1964, 78 (2), 307-323.

  53. Sveikauskas, L. "The Productivity of Cities." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1975, 89 (3), 393-413.

  54. Sveikauskas, L. "Science and Technology in United States Foreign Trade." Economic Journal , September 1983, 93 (371), 542-554.

  55. Teubal, M. "Toward a Neotechnology Theory of Comparative Costs." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1975, 89 (3), 414-431.

  56. Triantis, S. G. "Economic Progress. Occupational Redistribution and International Terms of Trade." Economic Journal, September 1953, 63 (251), 627-637.

  57. Underhill, F. H. "The Conception of a National Interest." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1935, 1 (3), 396-408.

  58. Venerables, A. J. "Economic Integration and the Location of Firms." American Economic Review, May 1995, 85 (2), 296-300.

  59. Wallis, J. J. and North D. C. "Should Transaction Costs be Subtracted from Gross National Product?" Journal of Economic History, September 1988, 48 (3), 651-654.

  60. Waterson, M. "Economic Policy and Technological Performance." Economic Journal, September 1988, 98 (392), 857-858.

  61. Watkins, M. H. "The Economics of Nationalism and the Nationality of Economics: A Critique of Neoclassical Theorizing." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1978, 11 (Supplement: The Harry G. Johnson Memorial Symposiuum), S87-S120.

  62. Whitney, M. E. and Gaisford J. D. "Economic Espionage as Strategic Trade Policy." Canadian Journal of Economics, April 1996, 29 (Special Issue: Part 2), S627-S632.

  63. Wilson, C. "The American Business Creed." Economic Journal, September 1957, 67 (267), 525-527.

  64. Wilson, T. "The Price of Growth." Economic Journal, December 1963, 73 (292), 603-617.

2. Cultural Economics

  1. Acheson, K. and Maule C. "Viewer's Choice: The Effects of Technology, Geography and Policy." Canadian Journal of Economics, April 1996, 29 (Special Issue Part 2), S610-S613.

  2. Aufhauser, K. "The Joyless Economy: An Inquiry into Human Satisfaction and Consumer Dissatisfaction." Economic Journal, December 1976, 86 (344), 911-913.

  3. Baumol, W. J. "Economics of Athenian Drama: Its Relevance for the Arts in a Small City Today." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1971, 85 (3), 365-376.

  4. Black, E. I. "The Relations of Magic and Religion." Economica, June 1922, 0 (5), 112-118.

  5. Blaug, M. "The Subsidized Muse, Public Support for the Arts in the United States." Economic Journal, December 1978, 88 (352), 871-872.

  6. Boulding K.E. "Is Economics Culture-Bound?" American Economic Review, May 1970, 60 (2), 406-411.

  7. Burgess, J. W. "The "Culturconflict" in Prussia." Political Science Quarterly, June 1887, 2 (2), 313-340.

  8. Carroll, C. D. et al. "Are There Cultural Effects on Savings? Some Cross-Sectional Evidence." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1994, 109 (3), 685-699.

  9. Carver, T. N. "Walsh's The Climax of Civilization: Socialism; and Feminism." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1919, 33 (4), 714-716.

  10. Chapman, P. C. "The New Conservatism: Cultural Criticism v. Political Philosophy." Political Science Quarterly, March 1960, 75 (1), 17-34.

  11. Clark, S. D. "Religion and Economic Backward Areas." American Economic Review, May 1951, 41 (2), 258-265.

  12. Dalton, G. "Traditional Production in Primitive African Economies." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1962, 76 (3), 360-378.

  13. Devas, C. S. "Lessons From Ruskin." Economic Journal, March 1898, 8 (29), 28-36.

  14. Foley, C. A. "Fashion." Economic Journal, September 1893, 3 (11), 458-474.

  15. Gardner, H. "Cooperation Among the Mormons." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1917, 31 (3), 461-499.

  16. Giddings, F. H. "The Economic Significance of Culture." Political Science Quarterly, September 1903, 18 (3), 449-461.

  17. Huntington, S. P. "How Countries Democratize." Political Science Quarterly, Winter 1991-Winter 1992, 106 (4), 579-616.

  18. Iannaccone, L. R. "Introduction to the Economics of Religion." Journal of Economic Literature, September 1998, 36 (3), 1465-1495.

  19. Keane, J. J. "The Catholic Church and Economics." Quarterly Journal of Economics, October 1891, 6 (1), 25-46.

  20. Kirby, E. S. "The Reception of Western Economics in the Orient." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1952, 66 (3), 409-417.

  21. Kuran, T. "Islamic Economics and the Islamic Subeconomy." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Autumn 1995, 9 (4), 155-173.

  22. Lambert, R. S. "The Arts in America." Economica, November 1933, 0 (42), 488-489.

  23. Lang, K. "A Language Theory of Discrimination." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1986, 101 (2), 363-382.

  24. Menge, J. A. "Style Change Costs as a Market Weapon." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1962, 76 (4), 632-647.

  25. Morse, N. "Religious Thought and Economic Society." Canadian Journal of Economics, February 1980, 13 (1), 178-179.

  26. Nasr, S. V. R. "Democracy and Islamic Revivalism." Political Science Quarterly, Summer 1995, 110 (2), 261-285.

  27. Noonan, J. T. J. "Religious Thought and Economic Society: Four Chapters of an Unfinished Work." Economic Journal, June 1979, 89 (354), 482-484.

  28. Robinson, D. E. "The Economics of Fashion Demand." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1961, 75 (3), 376-398.

  29. Sadie, J. L. "The Social Anthropology of Economic Underdevelopment." Economic Journal, June 1960, 70 (278), 294-303.

  30. Sarkar, B. K. "Hindu Political Philosophy." Political Science Quarterly, December 1918, 33 (4), 482-500.

  31. Spence, M. and Owen B. "Television Programming, Monopolistic Competition and Welfare." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1977, 91 (1), 103-126.

  32. Steiner, P. O. "Program Patterns and Preferences, and the Workability of Competition in Radio Broadcasting." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1952, 66 (2), 194-223.

  33. Stimson, F. J. "Ruskin as a Political Economist." Quarterly Journal of Economics, July 1888, 2 (4), 414-445.

  34. Tax, S. "Selective Culture Change." American Economic Review, May 1951, 41 (2), 315-320.

  35. Taylor, O. H. "Tawney's Religion and Capitalism and Eighteenth-Century Liberalism." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1927, 41 (4), 718-731.

  36. Throsby, D. "The Production and Consumption of the Arts: A View of Cultural Economics." Journal of Economic Literature, March 1994, 32 (1), 1-29.

3. Economic Thought

  1. Ahiakpor, J. C. W. "Adam Smith and Modern Economics." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1991, 24 (4), 994-997.

  2. Akerlof, G. A. "Procrastination and Obedience." American Economic Review, May 1991, 81 ( 2), 1-19.

  3. Altman, M. "Resource Endowments and Location Theory in Economic History: A Case Study of Quebec and Ontario at the Turn of the Twentieth Century." Journal of Economic History, Dec.1986, 46 (4), 999-1009.

  4. Barnard, F. M. "Metaphors, Laments and the Organic Community." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1966, 32 (3), 281-301.

  5. Baumol, W. J. "Toward a Newer Economics: The Future Lies Ahead!" Economic Journal, January 1991, 101 (404), 1-8.

  6. Berle, A. A. "The Impact of the Corporation on Classical Economic Theory." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1965, 79 (1), 25-40.

  7. Betz, H. K. "The Evolution of Economic Idea." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1979, 12 (4), 761-763.

  8. Bhagwati, J. "Economics Beyond the Horizon." Economic Journal, January 1991, 101 (404), 9-14.

  9. Blaug, M. "Why Economics is not Yet a Science." Economic Journal, December 1984, 94 (376), 972-973.

  10. Boland, L. A. "Time in Economics vs Economics in Time: The 'Hayek Problem'." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1978, 11 (2), 240-262.

  11. Boulding, K. E. "Economic Analysis and Agricultural Policy." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1947, 13 (3), 436-446.

  12. Boulding, K. E. "Economics as a Moral Science." American Economic Review, 1969, 59 (1), 1-12.

  13. Boulding, K. E. "Time and Invention." Economica, May 1936, 3 (10), 196-200.

  14. Boulding, K. E. "Toward a General Theory of Growth." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1953, 19 (3), 326-340.

  15. Brown, E. H. P. "The Underdevelopment of Economics." Economic Journal, March 1972, 82 (325), 1-10.

  16. Buchanan, J. M. "Economics in a Post-Socialist Century." Economic Journal, January 1991, 101 (404), 15-21.

  17. Burrows, P. "The Economics of the Law." Economic Journal, September 1989, 99 (397), 857-858.

  18. Cairncross, A. "Economics in Theory and Practice." American Economic Review, May 1985, 75 (2), 1-14.

  19. Caldwell, B. J. "Clarifying Popper." Journal of Economic Literature, March 1991, 29 (1), 1-33.

  20. Carter, C. F. "Time in Economics." Economic Journal, September 1958, 68 (271), 543-545.

  21. Clander, D. "Retrospectives: The Lost Art of Economics." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1992, 6 (3), 191-198.

  22. Clough, S. B. "Strategic Factors in Economic Growth: A Social Science View." Political Science Quarterly, March 1955, 70 (1), 19-27.

  23. Coats, R. H. "Science and Society." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1939, 5 (2), 151-178.

  24. Copeland, M. A. "Economic Theory and the Natural Science Point of View." American Economic Review, March 1931, 21 (1), 67-79.

  25. Dales, J. H. "Beyond the Marketplace." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1975, 8 (4), 483-503.

  26. Day, R. H. "The Emergence of Chaos from Classical Economic Growth." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1983, 98 (2), 201-213.

  27. De Marchi, N. "The Evolution of Economic Ideas." Economic Journal, September 1979, 89 (355), 713-715.

  28. De Marchi, N. "The Methodologies of Economics." Economic Journal, September 1981, 91 (363), 789-791.

  29. Deane, P. "The Scope and Method of Economics Science." Economic Journal, March 1983, 93 (369), 1-12.

  30. Debreu, G. "The Mathematicalization of Economics." American Economic Review, March 1991, 81 (1), 1-7.

  31. Develetoglou, N. E. "Montesquieu and the Wealth of Nations." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1963, 29 (1), 1-25.

  32. Durbin, E. F. M. "Methods of Research - A Pleas for Co-Operation in the Social Sciences." Economic Journal, June 1938, 48 (190), 183-195.

  33. Easterbrook, W. T. "The Climate of Enterprise." American Economic Review, May 1949, 39 (3), 322-335.

  34. Eatwell, J. L. "Economic Analysis and Scientific Philosophy." Economic Journal, June 1970, 80 (318), 352-354.

  35. Evans, G. H. Jr. "The Entrepreneur and Economic Theory: A Historical and Analytical Approach." American Economic Review, May 1949, 39 (3), 336-348.

  36. Farmer, M. K. "Methodologies of Economics and Other Social Sciences." Economic Journal, December 1982, 92 (368), 972-974.

  37. Flanders, R. E. "Economics Collides with Ethics." American Economic Review, May 1948, 38 (2), 357-367.

  38. Frank, L. K. "The Emancipation of Economics." American Economic Review, March 1924, 14 (1), 17-38.

  39. Frank, R. H. "If Homo Economicus Could Choose His Own Utility Function, Would He Want One with a Conscience?" American Economic Review, September 1987, 77 (4), 593-604.

  40. Frey, B. S. "The Economic Mind: The Social Psychology of Economic Behaviour." Economic Journal, December 1986, 96 (384), 1132-1134.

  41. Friedman, M. "Old Wine in New Bottles." Economic Journal, January 1991, 101 (404), 33-40.

  42. Gailbraith, J. K. "Economics as a System of Belief." American Economic review, May 1970, 60 ( 2), 469-478.

  43. Gailbraith, J. K. "Economics in the Century Ahead." Economic Journal, January 1991, 101 (404), 41-46.

  44. Gailbraith, J. K. "Time and the New Industrial State." American Economic Review, May 1988, 78 (2), 373-376.

  45. Geiger, Th. "Human Society and Scientific Law." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1952, 18 (2), 184-194.

  46. Gerschenkron, A. "History of Economic Doctrines and Economic History." American Economic Review, May 1969, 59 (2), 1-17.

  47. Ginsberg, M. "Conflicting Patterns of Thought." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1951, 17 (1), 102-104.

  48. Gordon, S. "Social Science and Value Judgements." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1977, 10 (4), 529-546.

  49. Grant, G. P. "Plato and Popper." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1954, 20 (2), 185-194.

  50. Grubel, H. G. "The Cloakroom Rule of International Reserves: Comment." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1966, 80 (3), 485-487.

  51. Guillebaud, C. W. "The Road to Serfdom." Economica, November 1944, 11 (44), 215.

  52. Hahn, F. "The Next Hundred Years." Economic Journal, January 1991, 101 (404), 47-50.

  53. Halm, G. N. and Daly F. St. L. "The Scope and Method of Economics." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1945, 11 (2), 165-176.

  54. Hawtrey, R. G. "The Need for Faith." Economic Journal, September 1946, 56 (223), 351-365.

  55. Hayek von, F. A. "The Counter-Revolution of Science I." Economica, February 1941, 8 (29), 9-36.

  56. Hayek von, F. A. "The Counter-Revolution of Science II." Economica, May 1941, 8 (39), 119-150.

  57. Hayek von, F. A. "The Counter Revolution of Science III." Economica, August 1941, 8 (31), 281-320.

  58. Hayek von, F. A. "The Mythology of Capital." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1936, 50 (2), 199-228.

  59. Hayek von, F. A. "The "Paradox" of Saving." Economica, May 1931, 0 (32), 125-169.

  60. Hayek von, F. A. "Scientism and the Study of Society I." Economica, August 1942, 9 (35), 267-291.

  61. Hayek von, F. A. "Scientism and the Study of Society II." Economica, February 1943, 10 (37), 34-63.

  62. Hayek von, F. A. "Scientism and the Study of Society, III." Economica, February 1944, 11 (41), 27-39.

  63. Hayek von, F. A. "Socialist Calculation: The Competitive 'Solution'." Economica, May 1940, 7 (26), 125-149.

  64. Hayek, von F. A. "The Trend of Economic Thinking." Economica, May 1933, 0 (40), 121-137.

  65. Heilbroner, R. "Analysis and Vision in the History of Modern Economic Thought." Journal of Economic Literature, September 1990, 28 (3), 1097-1114.

  66. Helleiner, K. F. "The Counter-Revolution of Science: Studies on the Abuse of Reason." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1953, 19 (3), 429-432.

  67. Hendry, D. F. "Econometrics - Alchemy or Science?" Economica, November 1980, 47 (188), 387-406.

  68. Hicks, J. R. "A Rehabilitation of "Classical" Economics." Economic Journal, June 1957, 67 (266), 278-289.

  69. Hirschleifer, J. "The Expanding Domain of Economics." American Economic Review, December 1985, 75 (6), 53-68.

  70. Hirschleifer, J. "The Technology of Conflict as an Economic Activity." American Economic review, May 1991, 81 (2), 130-134.

  71. Hirschman, A. O. "Against Parsimony: Three Easy Ways of Complicating Some Categories of Economic Discourse." American Economic Review, May 1984, 74 (2), 89-96.

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  73. Hollander, S. "In Memoriam: William Jaffe, 1898-1980." Canadian Journal of Economics, February 1981, 14 (1), 106-109.

  74. Hughes, E. C. "The Dual Mandate of Social Science: Remarks on the Academic Division of Labour." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1959, 25 (4), 401-410.

  75. Humphrey, R. L. "Human Nature in American Thought: Reconciliation of the Ages of Reason and Science." Political Science Quarterly, June 1954, 69 (2), 266-270.

  76. Hutchinson, T. W. "Bentham as an Economist." Economic Journal, June 1956, 66 (262), 288-306.

  77. Irwin, D. A. "The United States in a New Global Economy? A Century's Perspective." American Economic Review, May 1996, 86 (2), 41-46.

  78. Jewkes, J. "How Much Science?" Economic Journal, March 1960, 70 (277), 1-16.

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  80. Kaldor, N. "What is Wrong With Economic Theory?" Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1975, 89 (3), 347-357.

  81. Kauder, E. "Genesis of the Marginal Utility Theory: From Aristotle to the End of the Eighteenth Century." Economic Journal, 1953, 63 (251), 638-650.

  82. Keirstead, B. S. "Political Economy in the Modern State." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1947, 13 (4), 600-603.

  83. Keynes, J. M. "Alfred Marshall, 1842-1924." Economic Journal, September 1924, 34 (135), 311-372.

  84. Keynes, J. M. "The Economic Principles of Confucius and his School." Economic Journal, December 1912, 22 (88), 584-588.

  85. Kirman, A. "The Intrinsic Limits of Modern Economic Thought: The Emperor has No Clothes." Economic Journal, 1989, 99 (395), 126-139.

  86. Knight, F. H. "Economic Psychology and the Value Problem." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1925, 39 (3), 372-409.

  87. Knight, F. H. "Ethics and Economic Reform. I. The Ethics of Liberalism." Economica, February 1939, 6 (21), 1-29.

  88. Knight, F. H. "Ethics and Economic Reform. II. Idealism and Marxism." Economica, August 1939, 6 (23), 296-321.

  89. Knight, F. H. "Ethics and Economic Reform. III. Christianity." Economica, November 1939, 6 (24), 398-422.

  90. Knight, F. H. "Ethics and the Economic Interpretation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1922, 36 (3), 454-481.

  91. Knight, F. H. "The Ethics of Competition." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1923, 37 (4), 579-624.

  92. Knight, F. H. "Fact and Metaphysics in Economic Psychology." American Economic Review, June 1925, 15 (2), 247-266.

  93. Knight, F. H. "Immutable Law in Economics: Its Reality and Limitations." American Economic Review, May 1946, 36 (2),

  94. Knight, F. H. "The Nature of Economic Science in Some Recent Discussion." American Economic Review, June 1934, 24 (2), 225-238.

  95. Knight, F. H. "Professor Parsons on Economic Motivation." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1940, 6 (3), 460-465.

  96. Knight, F. H. "The Role of Principles in Economics and Politics." American Economic Review, March 1951, 41 (1), 1-29.

  97. Koppl, R. "Retrospectives: Animal Spirits." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1991, 5 (3), 203-210.

  98. Kregel, J. A. "The Rhetoric of Economics." Economic Journal, March 1987, 97 (385), 278-280.

  99. Laidler, D. "The History and Philosophy of Social Science." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1992, 25 (2), 500-503.

  100. Levesque, G-H. "Humanisme et Sciences Sociales." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1952, 18 (3), 263-270.

  101. Levitt, T. "The Lonely Crowd and the Economic Man." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1956, 70 (1), 95-116.

  102. Lipsey, R. G. "A New Prospect for Economics." Economic Journal, 1959, 69 (275), 549-551.

  103. Loasby, B. J. "Social and Psychological Foundations of Economic Analysis." Economic Journal, September 1989, 99 (397), 879-881.

  104. Lyon, P. V. "Saint-Simon and the Origins of Scientism and Historicism." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1961, 27 (1), 55-63.

  105. Macfie, A. L. "On Psychological Treatment for the Classics." Economic Journal, March 1958, 68 (269), 25-33.

  106. Macfie, A. L. "A Philosophical Interpretation of Economics." Economic Journal , March 1963, 73 (289), 106-108.

  107. Machlup, F. "The Cloakroom Rule of International Reserves: Reserve Creation and Resources Transfer." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1965, 79 (3), 337-355.

  108. MacIver, R. M. "Science and Sociology." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1938, 4 (4), 549=551.

  109. MacKay, R. A. "The Nature and Function of the Social Sciences." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1944, 10 (3), 277-286.

  110. Macpherson, C. B. "Pareto's "General Sociology": The Problem of Methods in the Social Sciences." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1937, 3 (3), 458-471.

  111. Maki, U. "Diagnosing McCloskey." Journal of Economic Literature, September 1995, 33 (3), 1300-1318.

  112. Malinowski, B. "Ethnology and the Study of Society." Economica, October 1922, 0 (6), 208-219.

  113. Marshall, A. "The Old Generation of Economists and the New." Quarterly Journal of Economics, January 1897, 11 (2), 115-135.

  114. Marshall, A. "The Social Possibilities of Economic Chivalry." Economic Journal, March 1907, 17 (65), 7-29.

  115. Marshall, T. H. "The Organization of Inquiry." Economic Journal, December 1967, 77 (308), 869-871.

  116. Matuszewski, T. "The Poverty of Economics." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1980, 13 (4), 539-555.

  117. McKean, R. N. "Spillovers From the Rising Value of Time." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1973, 87 (4), 638-640.

  118. Means, G. C. "The Distribution of Control and Responsibility in a Modern Economy." Political Science Quarterly, March 1935, 50 (1), 59-69.

  119. Means, G. C. "The Growth in the Relative Importance of the Large Corporation in American Economic Life." American Economic Review, March 1931, 21 (1), 10-42.

  120. Meek, R. L. "Physiocracy and Classicism in Britain." Economic Journal, March 1951, 61 (241), 26-47.

  121. Melvin, J. R. "Time and Space in Economic Analysis." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1990, 23 (4), 725-747.

  122. Mishan, E. J. "Reflections on Recent Developments in the Concept of External Effects." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1965, 31 (1), 3-34.

  123. Mitchell, W. C. "Bentham's Felicific Calculus." Political Science Quarterly, June 1918, 33 (2), 161-183.

  124. Murray, A. H. "Professor Hayek's Philosophy." Economica, August 1945, 12 (47), 149-162.

  125. Neill, T. P. "The Physiocrats' Concept of Economics." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1949, 63 (4), 532-553.

  126. Neisser, H. "A Pyrrhic Victory." Economic Journal, December 1958, 68 (272), 699-796.

  127. Northrop, F. S. C. "The Impossibility of a Theoretical Science of Economic Dynamics." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1941, 56 (1), 1-17.

  128. Ogburn, W. F. "The Psychological Basis for the Economic Interpretation of History." American Economic Review, March 1919, 9 (1), 291-305.

  129. Parsons, T. "Economics and Sociology: Marshall in Relation to the Thought of His Time." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1932, 46 (2), 316-347.

  130. Parsons, T. "The Motivation of Economic Activities." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1940, 6 (2), 187-202.

  131. Parsons, T. "Reply to Professor Knight." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1940, 6 (3), 466-472.

  132. Parsons, T. "Sociological Elements in Economic Thought: I. Historical." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1935, 49 (3), 414-453.

  133. Parsons, T. "Sociological Elements in Economic Thought: II. The Analytic Factor View." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1935, 49 (4), 646-667.

  134. Parsons, T. "Some Reflections on "The Nature and Significance of Economics"." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1934, 48 (3), 511-545.

  135. Patterson, E. M. "An Approach to World Economics." American Economic Review, March 1931, 21 ( 1), 142-149.

  136. Peardon, T. P. "Bentham's Ideal Republic." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1951, 17 (2), 184-203.

  137. Perry, R. B. "Economic Value and Moral Value." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1916, 30 (3), 443-485.

  138. Persky, J. "Retrospectives: The Ethology of Homo Economicus." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 1995, 9 (2), 221-231.

  139. Phelps, E. S. "The Harried Leisure Class: A Demurrer." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1973, 87 (4), 641-645.

  140. Pigou, A. C. "The Unity of Political and Economic Science." Economic Journal, September 1906, 16 (63), 372-380.

  141. Piore, M. J. "Review of the Handbook of Economic Sociology." Journal of Economic Literature, June 1996, 34 (2), 741-754.

  142. Pokorny, D. "Smith and Walras: Two Theories of Science." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1978, 11 (3), 387-403.

  143. Polanyi, M. "The Growth of Thought in Society." Economica, November 1941, 8 (32), 428-456.

  144. Popper, K. "The Poverty of Historicism I." Economica, May 1944, 11 (42),

  145. Popper, K. "The Poverty of Historicism: II. A Criticism of Historicist Methods." Economica, August 1944, 11 (43), 119-137.

  146. Popper, K. "The Poverty of Historicism III." Economica, May1945, 12 (46), 69-89.

  147. Porter, R. H. "A Review Essay on Handbook of Industrial Organization." Journal of Economic Literature, June 1991, 29 (2), 553-572.

  148. Pratt, R. C. "The Benthamite Theory of Democracy." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1955, 21 (1), 20-29.

  149. Pribram, K. Patterns of Economic Reasoning. American Economic Review 43(2), 243-258. 53.

  150. Pribram, K. "Prolegomena to a History of Economic Reasoning." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1951, 65 (1), 1-37.

  151. Robbins, L. "Economics and Political Economy." American Economic Review, May 1981, 71 (2), 1-10.

  152. Robbins, L. "Hayek on Liberty." Economica, February 1961, 28 (109), 66-81.

  153. Robinson, A. "John Maynard Keynes 1883-1946." Economic Journal, March 1947, 57 (225), 1-68.

  154. Robinson, D. E. "Economics and "The Possibility of Civilization": Four Judgments." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1953, 67 (1), 50-75.

  155. Robinson, J. "What Are the Questions?" Journal of Economic Literature, December 1977, 15 (4), 1318-1339.

  156. Ross, E. A. "The Sociological Frontier of Economics." Quarterly Journal of Economics, July 1899, 13 (4), 386-395.

  157. Rostow, W. W. "Kondratieff, Schumpeter and Kuznets: Trend Periods Revisited." Journal of Economic History, December 1975, 35 (4), 719-753.

  158. Rostow, W. W. "Possibilities of Economic Progress." Economic Journal, June 1959, 69 (274), 349-352.

  159. Samuelson, P. A. "The Canonical Classical Model of Political Economy." Journal of Economic Literature, December 1978, 16 (4), 1415-1434.

  160. Samuelson, P. A. "Economists and the History of Idea." American Economic Review, March 1962, 52 (1),

  161. Sandmo, A. "Buchanan on Political Economy: A Review Article." Journal of Economic Literature, March 1990, 28 (1), 50-65.

  162. Schumpeter, J. A. "Essays in Biography." Economic Journal , December 1933, 43 (172), 652-657.

  163. Sebba, G. "The Development of the Concepts of Mechanism and Model in Physical Science and Economic Thought." American Economic Review, May 1953, 43 (2),

  164. Sewall, H. R. "The Theory of Value before Adam Smith." Publications of the American Economic Association, August 1901, 2 (3), 1-128.

  165. Shackle, G. L. S. "The Expectational Dynamics of the Individual." Economica, May 1943, 10 (38),

  166. Shackle, G. L. S. "Keynes and Today's Establishment in Economic Theory: A View." Journal of Economic Literature, June 1973, 11 (2), 516-519.

  167. Shackle, G. L. S. "Models of Man." Economic Journal, September 1959, 69 (275), 547-549.

  168. Shackle, G. L. S. "Policy, Poetry and Success." Economic Journal, December 1966, 76 (304), 755-767.

  169. Shackle, G. L. S. "The Politics and Philosophy of Economics." Economic Journal, March 1983, 93 (369), 223-224.

  170. Simon, H. A. "New Developments in the Theory of the Firm." American Economic Review, May 1962, 52 (2), 1-15.

  171. Simon, H. A. "Theories of Decision-Making in Economics and Behavioral Sciences." American Economic Review, June 1959, 49 (3), 253-283.

  172. Souter, R. W. ""The Nature and Significance of Economic Science" in Recent Discussion." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1933, 47 (3), 377-413.

  173. Spafford, D. "In Memoriam: Mabel F. Timlin." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1977, 10 (2), 279-281.

  174. Spence, A. M. "Time and Communication in Economic and Social Interaction." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1973, 87 (4), 651-660.

  175. Stark, W. "Jeremy Bentham as an Economist." Economic Journal, December 1946, 56 (224), 583-608.

  176. Stigler, G. J. "The Politics of Political Economists." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1959, 73 (4), 522-532.

  177. Stigler, G. J. "Textual Exegesis as a Scientific Problem." Economica, November 1965, 32 (128), 447-450.

  178. Stone, R. "Political Economy, Economics and Beyond." Economic Journal, December 1980, 90 (360), 719-736.

  179. Tagliacozzo, G. "Croce and the Nature of Economic Science." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1945, 59 (3), 307-329.

  180. Tarascio, V. J. "Keynes on the Sources of Economic Growth." Journal of Economic History, June 1971, 31 (2), 429-444.

  181. Taylor, O. H. "Economic Science Only -- Or Political Economy?" Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1957, 71 (1), 1-18.

  182. Taylor, O. H. "Economics and the Idea of Jus Naturale." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1930, 44 (2), 205-241.

  183. Taylor, O. H. "Economics and the Idea of Natural Laws." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1929, 44 (1), 1-39.

  184. Taylor, O. H. "The Economics of a "Free" Society: Four Essays." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1948, 62 (5), 641-670.

  185. Urwick, E. J. "Is There a Scientific Sociology?" Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1938, 4 (2), 231-240.

  186. Urwick, E. J. "The Role of Intelligence in the Social Process." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1935, 1 (1), 64-76.

  187. Usher, A. P. "The Genesis of Modern Capitalism." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1922, 36 (3), 525-535.

  188. Vaggi, G. "A Physiocratic Model of Relative Prices and Income Distributions." Economic Journal, December 1985, 95 (380), 928-947.

  189. Viner, J. "Bentham and J.S. Mill: The Utilitarian Background." American Economic Review, March 1949, 39 (2), 360-382.

  190. Viner, J. ""Possessive Individualism" as Original Sin." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1963, 29 (4), 548-559.

  191. Wallas, G. "Jeremy Bentham." Political Science Quarterly, March 1923, 38 (1), 45-56.

  192. Webb, S. "Socialism in England." Publications of the American Economic Association, April 1889, 4 (2),

  193. West, E. G. "Adam Smith's Public Economics: A Re-Evaluation." Canadian Journal of Economics, February 1977, 10 (1), 1-18.

  194. West, E. G. "The Economics of Adam Smith." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1974, 7 (2), 326-330.

  195. West, E. G. "Ricardo in Historical Perspective." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1982, 15 (2), 308-326.

  196. Wilson, T. "Dangerous Currents: The State of Economics." Economic Journal, December 1984, 94 (376), 970-972.

  197. Winch, D. M. "Political Economy and the Economic Polity." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1977, 10 (4), 547-564.

  198. Wolfe, M. "The Concept of Economic Sectors." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1955, 69 (3), 402-420.

  199. Worswick, G. D. N. "Is Progress in Economic Science Possible?" Economic Journal, March 1972, 82 (325), 73-86.

  200. Wright, D. M. "What is the Economic System?" Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1958, 72 (2), 198-210.

  201. Zeckhauser, R. "Time as the Ultimate Source of Utility." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1973, 87 (4), 290-306.

4. Evolutionary Economics

  1. Alchian, A. A. "Biological Analogies in the Theory of the Firm: Comment." American Economic Review, September 1953, 43 (4), 600-603.

  2. Audretsch, D. B and Stephan P. E. "Knowledge spillovers in biotechnology: sources and incentives." Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 1999, 9 97-107.

  3. Audretsch, D. B. and Thurik A. R. "Capitalism and democracy in the 21st Century: from the managed to the entrepreneurial economy." Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 2000, 10 17-34.

  4. Beath, J. et al. "Sequential Product Innovation and Industry Revolution." Economic Journal, 1987, 97 32-43.

  5. Bennion, E. G. "Unemployment in the Theories of Schumpeter and Keynes." American Economic Review, June 1943, 33 (2), 336-347.

  6. Bladen, V. W. "Schumpeter's History of Economic Analysis and Some Related Books." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1956, 22 (1), 103-115.

  7. Brown, H. "Population Growth and Affluence: The Fissioning of Human Society." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1975, 89 (2), 236-246.

  8. Bushee, F. A. "Keller's Societal Evolution." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1915, 30 (1), 172-178.

  9. Caballero, R. J. and Hammour M. L. "On the Timing and Efficiency of Creative Destruction." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1996, 111 (3), 805-852.

  10. Cheng, L. K. and Dinopoulos E. "Schumpeterian Growth and International Business Cycles." American Economic Review, May 1992, 82 (2), 409-414.

  11. Closson, C. C. "Dissociation by Displacement: A Phase of Social Selection." Quarterly Journal of Economics, January 1896, 10 (2), 156-186.

  12. Coase, R. H. "Evolution, Selection and the Economic Principle - Discussion." American Economic Review, May 1978, 68 (2), 244-245.

  13. Corriveau, L. "Entrepreneurs, Growth and Cycles." Economica, February 1994, 61 (241), 1-15.

  14. Davis, J. B. "Keynes on Atomism and Organicism." Economic Journal, December 1989, 99 (398), 1159-1172.

  15. Dorfman, J. "History of Economic Analysis." Political Science Quarterly, December 1954, 69 (4), 603-605.

  16. Eaton, B. C. "An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1984, 17 (4), 868-871.

  17. Elliott, J. E. "Marx and Schumpeter on Capitalism's Creative Destruction: A Comparative Restatement." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1980, 95 (1), 45-68.

  18. Elliott, J. E. "Schumpeter and Marx on Capitalist Transformation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1983, 98 (2), 333-336.

  19. Enke, S. "Biological Analogies in the Theory of the Firm: Comment." American Economic Review, September 1953, 43 (4), 603.

  20. Foster, J. B. "Theories of Capitalist Transformation: Critical Notes on the Comparison of Marx and Schumpeter." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1983, 98 (2), 327-331.

  21. Freeman, C. "Inventions, Innovations and Economic Growth in Sweden: An Appraisal of the Schumpeterian Theory." Economic Journal, December 1988, 98 (393), 1232-1234.

  22. Futia, C. A. "Schumpterian Competition." Quarterly Journal of Economics, June 1980, 94 (4), 675-695.

5. Globalization

  1. Aizenman, J. "World Integration, Competitive and Bargaining -Regime Switch - An Exploration." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1994, 27 (2), 458-483.

  2. Armstrong, A. G. "World Product and Income." Economic Journal, March 1983, 93 (369), 244-246.

  3. Baker, P. J. N. "The Growth of International Society." Economica, November 1924, 0 (12),

  4. Berry, A. et al. "Changes in the World Distribution of Income between 1950 and 1977." Economic Journal, June 1983, 93 (370), 331-350.

  5. Bottomley, A. "Problems of World Modeling, Political and Social Implications." Economic Journal, September 1978, 88 (351), 616-617.

  6. Bottomley, A. "World Modeling." Economic Journal, June 1981, 91 (362), 552-553.

  7. Clayton, W. L. "GATT, The Marshall Plan and OECD." Political Science Quarterly, December 1963, 78 (4), 493-503.

  8. Devereux, M. B. and Lapham B. J. "The Stability of Economic Integration and Endogenous Growth." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1994, 109 (1), 299-305.

  9. Dosser, D. "The Economics of International Integration." Economic Journal, March 1981, 91 (361), 271-272.

  10. Encaua, D. et al. "Global Market Power and Diversification." Economic Journal, June 1986, 96 (382), 525-533.

  11. Hirschman, A. O. "The Commodity Structure of World Trade." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1943, 57 (4), 565-595.

  12. Hirschman, A. O. "The Commodity Structure of World Trade: Reply." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1961, 75 (1), 165-166.

  13. Hughes, H. "The World Economic Order: Past and Prospects." Economic Journal, December 1981, 91 (364), 1061-1062.

  14. Jalali, R. and Lipset S. M. "Racial and Ethnic Conflicts: A Global Perspective." Political Science Quarterly, Winter 1992-Winter 1993, 107 (4), 585-606.

  15. Jewkes, J. "International Order and Economic Integration." Economic Journal, September 1962, 72 (287), 704-706.

  16. Krugman, P. and Venables A. J. "Globalization and the Inequality of Nations." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1995, 110 (4), 857-880.

  17. MacBean, A. I. "Change and Challenges in the World Economy." Economic Journal, June 1988, 98 (391), 560562.

  18. MacBean, A. I. "The World Economy in Transition." Economic Journal, December 1983, 93 (372), 946-947.

  19. Mainwaring, L. "The Evolving International Economy." Economic Journal, December 1987, 97 (388), 1021-1023.

  20. Nordhaus, W. D. "World Dynamics: Measurement Without Data." Economic Journal, December 1973, 83 (332),

  21. Nye, J. S. Jr. "The Changing Nature of World Power." Political Science Quarterly, Summer 1990, 105 (2), 177-192.

  22. Ploeg van der, F. "Global Macroeconomics: Policy Conflict and Cooperation." Economic Journal, September 1988, 98 (392), 891-893.

  23. Rivera-Batiz, L. A. and Romer P. M. "Economic Integration and Endogenous Growth." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1991, 106 (2), 531-555.

  24. Robson, P. "Economic Integration Worldwide, Regional, Sectoral." Economic Journal, September 1978, 88 (351), 601-602.

  25. Rodrik, D. "Symposium on Globalization in Perspective: An Introduction." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Autumn 1998, 12 (4),

  26. Roper, D. E. "Macroeconomic Policies and the Distribution of the World Money Supply." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1971, 85 (1), 119-146.

  27. Spiegelglas, S. "The Commodity Structure of World Trade: Comment." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1961, 75 (1), 157-165.

  28. Stewart, F. "Global Unemployment: The New Challenge to Economic Theory." Economic Journal, September 1987, 97 (387), 773-775.

  29. Williamson, J. G. "Globalization, Convergence and History." Journal of Economic History, June 1996, 56 (2), 277-306.

  30. Wilson, R. "The World Economy: History and Prospect." Economic Journal, September 1979, 89 (355), 719-720.

6. Innovation

  1. Abramovitz, M. "The Search for the Sources of Growth: Areas of Ignorance, Old and New." Journal of Economic History, June 1993, 53 (2), 217-243.

  2. Adams, W. and Dirlam J. B. "Big Steel, Invention and Innovation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1966, 80 (2), 167-189.

  3. Adams, W. and Dirlam J. B. "Big Steel, Invention and Innovation: Reply." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1967, 81 (3), 475-482.

  4. Ahmad, S. "On the Theory of Induced Invention." Economic Journal, June 1966, 76 (302), 344-347.

  5. Alexander, K. J. W. "The Diffusion of New Industrial Processes. An International Study." Economic Journal, June 1975, 85 (338), 429-430.

  6. Alexander, K. J. W. "The Innovations." Economic Journal, June 1973, 83 (330), 646-648.

  7. Allen, B. "Choosing R&D Projects: An Informational Approach." American Economic Review, May 1991, 81 (2), 257-261.

  8. Allen, G. C. "Investment in Innovation." Economic Journal, September 1952, 69 (275), 558-560.

  9. Allen, G. C. "The Sources of Invention." Economic Journal, September 1958, 68 (271), 554-556.

  10. Ames, E. "Research, Invention, Development and Innovation." American Economic Review, June 1961, 51 (3), 370-381.

  11. Ames, E. and Rosenberg N. "Changing Technological Leadership and Industrial Growth." Economic Journal, March 1963, 73 (289), 13-31.

  12. Angelmar, R. "Market Structure and Research Intensity in High-Technological-Opportunity Industries." Journal of Industrial Economics, September 1985, 34 (1), 69-79.

  13. Aoki, R. "R&D Competition for Product Innovation: An Endless Race." American Economic Review, May 1991, 81 (2), 252-256.

  14. Aron, D. J. and Lazear E. P. "The Introduction of New Products." American Economic Review, May 1990, 80 (2), 421-426.

  15. Arora, A. and Gambardella A. "Complementarity and External Linkages: The Strategies of the Large Firms in Biotechonology." Journal of Industrial Economics, June 1990, 38 (4), 361-379.

  16. Arthur, W. B. "Competing Technologies, Increasing Returns and Lock-In by Historical Events." Economic Journal, March 1989, 99 (394), 116-131.

  17. Asimakopulos, A. and Weldon J. C. "The Classification of Technical Progress in Models of Economic Grwoth." Economica, November 1963, 30 (120), 372-386.

  18. Atkinson, A. B. and Stiglitz J. E. "A New View of Technological Change." Economic Journal, September 1969, 79 (315), 573-578.

  19. Audretsch, D. B. and Feldman M. P. "R&D Spillovers and the Geography of Innovation and Production." American Economic Review, June 1996, 86 (3), 630-640.

  20. Austin, D. H. "An Event-Study Approach to Measuring Innovative Output: The Case of Biotechnology." American Economic Review, May 1993, 83 ( 2), 253-258.

  21. Barna, T. "Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Competition and Marketing Strategies in the Pharmaceutical Industry." Economic Journal, March 1978, 88 (349), 147-148.

  22. Basu, K. "Technological Stagnation, Tenurial Laws and Adverse Selection." American Economic Review, March 1989, 79 (1), 251-255.

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  219. Nieburg, H. L. "Social Control of Innovation." American Economic Review, May 1968, 58 (2), 666-677.

  220. Nordhaus, W. D. "An Economic Theory of Technological Change." American Economic Review, May 1969, 59 (2), 18-28.

  221. Nordhaus, W. D. "Some Skeptical Thoughts on the Theory of Induced Innovation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1973, 87 (2), 208-219.

  222. Norris, K. "The Economics of Innovation: The National and Multinational Enterprise in Technological Change." Economic Journal, September 1975, 85 (339), 671-672.

  223. Odagiri, H. "R&D Expenditure, Royalty Payments and Sales Growth in Japanese Manufacturing Corporations." Journal of Industrial Economics, September 1983, 32 (1), 61-71.

  224. Palmer, K. "Diversification by Regulated Monopolies and Incentives for Cost-Reducing R&D." American Economic Review, May 1991, 81 (2), 266-270.

  225. Pavitt, K. et al. "The Size Distribution of Innovating Firms in the UK: 1945-1983." Journal of Industrial Economics, March 1987, 35 (3), 297-316.

  226. Pickarz, R. "R&D and Productivity Growth: Policy Studies and Issues." American Economic Review, May 1983, 73 (2), 210-214.

  227. Poole, E. and Bernard J-T. "Defence Innovation Stock and Total Factor Productivity." Canadian Journal of Economics, May 1992, 25 (2), 438-452.

  228. Prais, S. J. "Industrial Research and Technological Innovation: An Econometric Analysis." Economic Journal, 1968, 78 (311), 676-679.

  229. Pravitt, K. "The Economic Analysis of Technological Change." Economic Journal, June 1984, 94 (374), 433-434.

  230. Prescott, E. C. and Boyd J. H. "Dynamic Coalitions: Engine of Growth." American Economic Review, May 1987, 77 (2), 63-67.

  231. Price, L. L. "Inventors as Money-Makers." Economic Journal, June 1916, 26 (102), 248-249.

  232. Reich, L. S. "Edison, Coolridge and Langmuir: Evolving Approaches to American Industrial Research." Journal of Economic History, June 1987, 47 (2), 341-351.

  233. Reinganum, J. F. "Innovation and Industrial Evolution." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1985, 100 (1), 81-99.

  234. Reinganum, J. F. Practical Implications of Game Theoretic Models of R&D. American Economic Review 74(2). 84.

  235. Reinganum, J. F. "Uncertain Innovation and the Persistence of Monopoly." American Economic Review, September 1983, 73 (4), 741-748.

  236. Reinganum, J. F. "Uncertain Innovation and the Persistence of Monopoly: Reply." American Economic Review, March 1984, 74 (1), 243-246.

  237. Riordan, M. H. and Salant D. J. "Preemptive Adoptions of an Emerging Technology." Journal of Industrial Economics, September 1994, 42 (3), 247-261.

  238. Robbins, L. "The Dynamics of Capitalism." Economica, March 1926, 0 (16), 31-39.

  239. Robinson, W. T. and Chiang J. "Are Sutton's Predictions Robust?: Empirical Insights into Advertising, R&D and Concentration." Journal of Industrial Economics, December 1996, 44 (4), 389-408.

  240. Romano, R. E. "A Note on Market Structure and Innovation when Inventors can Enter." Journal of Industrial Economics, March 1987, 35 (3), 353-358.

  241. Romer, P. M. "Growth Based on Increasing Returns Due to Specialization." American Economic Review, May 1987, 77 (2), 56-62.

  242. Romer, P. M. "The Origins of Endogenous Growth." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1994, 8 (1), 3-22.

  243. Rosenberg, N. "On Technological Expectations." Economic Journal, September 1976, 86 (343), 523-535.

  244. Rossman, J. "The Motives of Inventors." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1931, 45 (3), 522-528.

  245. Sandberg, L. G. "The Remembrance of Things Past: Rings and Mules Revisited." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1984, 99 (2), 387-392.

  246. Saul, S. B. "Inside the Black Box: Technology and Economics." Economic Journal, March 1984, 94 (373), 179-180.

  247. Schatz, S. P. "Achievement and Economic Growth: A Critique." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1965, 79 (2), 234-245.

  248. Schefold, B. "Different Forms of Technical Progress." Economic Journal, December 1976, 86 (344), 806-819.

  249. Scherer, F. M. "Firm Size, Market Structure, Opportunity and the Output of Patented Inventions." American Economic Review, December 1965, 55 (5), 1097-1125.

  250. Scherer, F. M. "Market Structure and the Employment of Scientists and Engineers." American Economic Review, June 1967, 57 (3), 524-531.

  251. Scherer, F. M. "Market Structure and the Stability of Investment." American Economic Review, May 1969, 59 (2), 72-79.

  252. Scherer, F. M. "Pricing, Profits and Technological Progress in the Pharmaceutical Industry." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1993, 7 (3), 97-115.

  253. Scherer, F. M. "Professor Sutton's 'Technology and Market Structure'." Journal of Industrial Economics, June 2000, 48 (215-233),

  254. Scherer, F. M. "R&D and Declining Productivity Growth." American Economic Review, May 1983, 73 (2), 215-218.

  255. Scherer, F. M. "Research and Development Resource Under Rivalry." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1967, 81 (3), 359-394.

  256. Scherer, F. M. "Size of Firm, Oligopoly and Research: A Comment." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1965, 31 (2), 256-266.

  257. Schmookler, J. and Brownlee O. "Determinants of Inventive Activity." American Economic Review, May 1962, 52 (2), 165-176.

  258. Schott, K. "The Relations Between Industrial Research and Development and Factor Demands." Economic Journal, March 1978, 88 (349), 85-106.

  259. Siegel, I. H. "Conditions of American Technological Progress." American Economic Review, May 1954, 44 (2), 161-177.

  260. Siegel, I. H. "The Role of Scientific Research in Stimulating Economic Progress." American Economic Review, May 1960, 50 (2), 340-345.

  261. Silverberg, G. et al. "Innovation, Diversity and Diffusion: A Self-Organization Model." Economic Journal, December 1988, 98 (393), 1032-1054.

  262. Simpson, R. D. and Vonortas N. S. "Cournot Equilibrium with Imperfectly Appropriable R&D." Journal of Industrial Economics, March 1994, 42 (1), 79-92.

  263. Skott, P. "Technological Advance with Depletion of Innovation Possibilities: A Comment and Some Extensions." Economic Journal, December 1981, 91 (364), 977-987.

  264. Smiley, R. H. and Ravid S. A. "The Importance of Being First: Learning Price and Strategy." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1983, 98 (2), 353-362.

  265. Smith, K. "Post-Innovation Performance: Technological Development and Competition." Economic Journal, June 1988, 98 (391), 536-537.

  266. Soete, L. and Turner R. "Technology Diffusion and the Rate of Technical Change." Economic Journal, September 1984, 94 (375), 612-623.

  267. Solo, R. "Research and Development in the Synthetic Rubber Industry." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1954, 68 (1), 61-82.

  268. Solow, R. M. "Technical Progress, Capital Formation and Economic Growth." American Economic Review, May 1962, 52 (2),

  269. Stadler, G. W. "Business Cycle Models with Endogenous Technology." American Economic Review, September 1990, 80 (4), 763-778.

  270. Stigler, G. J. "The Nature and Role of Originality in Scientific Progress." Economica, November 1955, 22 (88), 293-302.

  271. Swan, P. L. "The Influence of Monopoly on Product Innovation: Rejoinder." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1972, 86 (2), 346-349.

  272. Swan, P. L. "Market Structure and Technological Progress: The Influence of Monopoly on Product Innovation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1970, 84 (4), 627-638.

  273. Swann, G. M. P. "Technology and Economic Development." Economic Journal, March 1987, 97 (385), 275-277.

  274. Swann, P. "Technical Change and Economic Theory." Economic Journal, June 1989, 99 (396), 492-494.

  275. Swenson, J. "The Entrepreneur's Role in Introducing the Sound Motion Picture." Political Science Quarterly, September 1948, 63 (3), 404-423.

  276. Takayama, A. "On Biased Technological Progress." American Economic Review, September 1974, 64 (4), 631-639.

  277. Tandon, P. "Innovation, Market Structure and Welfare." American Economic Review, June 1984, 74 (3), 394-403.

  278. Taussig, F. W. "Dyer and Martin's Life of Edison." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1912, 26 (4), 776-781.

  279. Taussig, F. W. "Two Biographies of Inventors: Dickinson's Life of Fulton and Morse's Letters of Morse." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1915, 29 (3), 642-646.

  280. Taylor, C. R. "Digging for Golden Carrots: An Analysis of Research Tournaments." American Economic Review, September 1995, 85 (4), 872-890.

  281. Teece, D. J. "Technology Transfer by Multinational Firms: The Resource Cost of Transferring Technological Know-How." Economic Journal, June 1977, 87 (346), 242-261.

  282. Tendler, J. D. "Technology and Economic Development: The Case of Hydro v. Thermal Power." Political Science Quarterly, June 1965, 80 (2), 236-253.

  283. Terbourgh, G. W. "Capitalism and Innovation." American Economic Review, May 1950, 40 (2), 118-123.

  284. Terleckyj, N. E. "What Do R&D Numbers Tell Us about Technological Change." American Economic Review, May 1980, 70 (2), 55-61.

  285. Troxel, C. E. "Economic Influences of Obsolescence." American Economic Review, June 1936, 26 (2), 280-290.

  286. Tyecote, A. "Innovation Patterns in Crisis and Prosperity." Economic Journal, December 1987, 97 (388), 1019=1021.

  287. Ulrich, A. et al. "Public and Private Returns from Joint Venture Research: An Example from Agriculture." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1986, 101 (1), 103-130.

  288. Usher, D. "The Welfare Economics of Invention." Economica, August 1964, 31 (123), 279-287.

  289. Vanek, J. "A Theory of Growth with Technological Change." American Economic Review, March 1967, 57 (1), 73-89.

  290. Vickers, J. "The Evolution of Market Structure when There is a Sequence of Innovations." Journal of Industrial Economics, September 1986, 35 (1), 1-12.

  291. Waldman, M. "A New Perspective on Planned Obsolescence." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1993, 198 (1), 272-283.

  292. Ware, R. "Market Structure and Innovation: Cambridge Surveys of Economic Literature." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1983, 16 (4), 729-733.

  293. Waterson, M. "The Incentive to Invent When a New Input is Involved." Economica, November 1982, 49 (196), 435-445.

  294. Weinberg, J. A. "Exclusionary Practices and Technological Competition." Journal of Industrial Economics, June 1992, 40 (2), 135-146.

  295. Weintraub, D. "Effects of Current and Prospective Technological Developments Upon Capital Formation." American Economic Review, March 1939, 29 (1), 15-32.

  296. White, L. J. "A Note on the Influence of Monopoly on Product Innovation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1972, 86 (2), 342-345.

  297. Williams, B. R. "The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity: Economic and Social Factors." Economic Journal, June 1963, 73 (290), 312-315.

  298. Winter, S. G. "Satisficing, Selection and The Innovating Remnant." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1971, 85 (2), 237-261.

  299. Wright, B. D. "The Economics of Invention Incentives: Patents, Prizes and Research Contracts." American Economic Review, September 1983, 73 (4), 691-707.

  300. Young, A. "Substitution and Complementarity in Endogenous Innovation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1993, 108 (3), 775-807.

  301. Young, A. A. "Increasing Returns and Economic Progress." Economic Journal, December 1928, 38 (152),

  302. Ziss, S. "Strategic R&D Spillovers, Collusion and Welfare." Journal of Industrial Economics, December 1994, 42 (4), 375-393.

  303. Zucker, L. G. et al. "Intellectual Capital and the Birth of U.S. Biotechnology Enterprises." American Economic Review, March 1998, 88 (1), 290-306.

7.  Institutional Economics

  1. AER. "Harold Adam Innis, Fifty-Fourth President of the American Economic Association, 1952." American Economic Review, March 1953, 43 (1),

  2. Alchian, A. A. and Woodward S. "The Firm Is Dead: Long Live the Firm a Review of Oliver E. Williamson's The Economic Institutions of Capitalism." Journal of Economic Literature, Mar.1988, 26 (1), 65-79.

  3. Allen, D. W. "The Firm, The Market and The Law." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1991, 24 (3), 740-743.

  4. Anderson, K. L. "The Unity of Veblen's Theoretical System." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1933, 47 (4), 598-626.

  5. Ashley, W. "Legal Foundations of Capitalism." Economic Journal, March 1926, 36 (141), 84-88.

  6. Atkins, W. E. and Robinson E. S. "Institutional Economics: Discussion." American Economic Review, March 1936, 26 (1), 250-254.

  7. Ayres, C. E. "The Basis of Economic Statesmanship." American Economic Review, June 1933, 23 (2), 200-216.

  8. Ayres, C. E. "The Co-Ordinates of Institutionalism." American Economic Review, May 1951, 41 (2), 47-55.

  9. Ayres, C. E. "Fifty Years' Development in Ideas of Human Nature and Motivation." American Economic Review, March 1936, 26 (1), 224-236.

  10. Ayres, C. E. "The Impact of the Great Depression on Economic Thinking." American Economic Review, May 1946, 36 (2), 112-125.

  11. Ayres, C. E. "The Role of Technology in Economic Theory." American Economic Review, May 1953, 43 (2), 279-287.

  12. Boland, L. A. "Economics and Institutions: A Manifesto for a Modern Institutional Economics." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1989, 22 (4), 954-956.

  13. Boulding, K. E. "Defense and Opulence: The Ethics of International Economics." American Economic Review, May 1951, 41 (2), 210-220.

  14. Boulding, K. E. "The Medium and the Message." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1965, 31 (2), 268-273.

  15. Boulding, K. E. "A New Look at Institutionalism." American Economic Review, May 1957, 47 (2), 1-12.

  16. Boulding, K. E. "A Note on the Theory of the Black Market." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1947, 13 (1), 115-118.

  17. Brady, A. "Harold Adam Innis: 1894-1952." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1953, 19 (1), 87-96.

  18. Bronfenbrenner, M. "Early American Leaders: Institutional and Critical Traditions." American Economic Review, December 1985, 75 ( 6), 13-27.

  19. Burns, E. M. "Does Institutionalism Complement or Compete with "Orthodox Economics"?" American Economic Review, March 1931, 21 (1), 80-87.

  20. Chandler, A. D. "Decision Making and Modern Institutional Change." Journal of Economic History, March 1973, 33 (1), 1-15.

  21. Chandler, A. D. "Organizational Capabilities and the Economic History of the Industrial Enterprise." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1992, 6 (3), 79-100.

  22. Checkland, S. G. "Institutional Change and American Economic Growth." Economic Journal, December 1972, 82 (328), 1468-1470.

  23. Childe, V. G. "Empire and Communication." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1951, 17 (1), 98-100.

  24. Clark, S. D. "Economic Expansion and the Moral Order." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1940, 6 (2), 203-225.

  25. Coase, R. H. "The Institutional Structure of Production." American Economic Review, September 1992, 82 (4), 713-719.

  26. Coase, R. H. "The Nature of the Firm." Economica, November 1937, 4 (16), 396-405.

  27. Coase, R. H. "The New Institutional Economics." American Economic Review, May 1998, 88 ( 2), 72-74.

  28. Cole, A. H. "A Note on Social Overhead and a Dynamic Analysis of Industry." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1960, 74 (3), 413-415.

  29. Commons, J. R. "Capacity to Produce, Capacity to Consume, Capacity to Pay Debts." American Economic Review, December 1937, 27 (4), 680-697.

  30. Commons, J. R. "Causes of the Union-Shop Policy." Publications of the American Economic Association, February 1905, 3rd Series, Vol. 6 (No. 1),

  31. Commons, J. R. "The Coming American Fascism." American Economic Review, June 1936, 26 (2), 298-300.

  32. Commons, J. R. "Communism and Collective Democracy." American Economic Review, June 1935, 25 (2), 212-223.

  33. Commons, J. R. "The Delivered Price Practice in the Steel Market." American Economic Review, September 1924, 14 (3), 505-519.

  34. Commons, J. R. "Diminishing Returns and Distribution." Publications of the American Economic Association, January 1893, 8 (1), 101-103.

  35. Commons, J. R. "Economic Reconstruction: Foreign and Domestic Investments." American Economic Review, March 1918, 8 (1), 5-17.

  36. Commons, J. R. "Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences." American Economic Review, June 1930, 20 (2), 256-257.

  37. Commons, J. R. "Hobson's "Economics of Unemployment"." American Economic Review, December 1923, 13 (4), 638-647.

  38. Commons, J. R. "Horace Greely and the Working Class Origins of the Republic Party." Political Science Quarterly, September 1909, 24 (3), 468-488.

  39. Commons, J. R. "Institutional Economics." American Economic Review, December 1931, 21 (4), 648-657.

  40. Commons, J. R. "Institutional Economics." American Economic Review, March 1936, 26 (1), 237-249.

  41. Commons, J. R. "Institutional Economics: Comment." American Economic Review, June 1932, 22 (2), 264-268.

  42. Commons, J. R. "Karl Marx and Samuel Gompers." Political Science Quarterly, June 1926, 41 (2), 281-286.

  43. Commons, J. R. "A Progressive Tax on Bare Land Values." Political Science Quarterly, March 1922, 37 (1), 41-68.

  44. Commons, J. R. "The Real Business of Living." American Economic Review, December 1918, 8 (4), 796-797.

  45. Commons, J. R. "Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, a Historical Study." American Economic Review, March 1927, 17 (1), 63-68.

  46. Commons, J. R. "The Stabilization of Prices and Business." American Economic Review, March 1925, 15 (1), 43-52.

  47. Commons, J. R. "The Webb's Constitution for the Socialist Commonwealth." American Economic Review, March 1921, 11 (1), 82-90.

  48. Commons, J. R. and Perlman S. "Der Moderne Kapitakismus." American Economic review, March 1929, 19 (1), 78-88.

  49. Copeland, M. A. "Common's Institutionalism in Relation to Problems of Social Evolution and Economic Planning." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1936, 50 (2), 333-346.

  50. Copeland, M. A. "Institutionalism and Welfare Economics." American Economic Review, March 1958, 48 (1), 1-17.

  51. Deutsch, K. W. "The Bias of Communications." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1952, 18 (3), 388-390.

  52. Develetoglou, N. E. "Thresholds and Transaction Costs." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1971, 85 (1), 163-170.

  53. Dorfman, J. "The Mutual Influence of Mitchell and Commons." American Economic Review, June 1958, 48 (3), 405-408.

  54. Dorfman, J. "The Role of the German Historical School in American Economic Thought." American Economic Review, May 1955, 45 (2), 17-28.

  55. Dorfman, J. "The "Satire" of Thorstein Veblen's Theory of the Leisure Class." Political Science Quarterly, September 1932, 47 (3), 363-409.

  56. Dorfman, J. "Source and Impact of Veblen." American Economic Review, May 1958, 48 (2), 1-10.

  57. Dorfman, J. "Two Unpublished papers of Thorstein Veblen on the Nature of Peace." Political Science Quarterly, June 1932, 47 (2), 185-203.

  58. Dow, G. K. "Institutions in Economics: The Old and the New Institutionalism." Canadian Journal of Economics, February 1996, 29 (1), 248-251.

  59. Dudley, L. M. "Space, Time, Number: Harold A. Innis As Evolutionary Theorist." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1995, 28 (4a), 754-769.

  60. Easterbrook, W. T. "Innis and Economics." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1953, 19 (3), 291-303.

  61. Edie, L. D. "Some Positive Contributions of the Institutional Concept." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1927, 41 (3), 405-440.

  62. Farrell, J. "Information and the Coase Theorem." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Autumn 1987, 1 (2), 113-129.

  63. Fay, C. R. "Harold Adams Innis, Portrait of a Scholar." Economic Journal, December 1958, 68 (272), 822-824.

  64. George, P. "Structure and Change in Economic History." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1983, 16 (3), 535-537.

  65. Greif, A. "Historical and Comparative Institutional Analysis." American Economic Review, May 1998, 88 (2), 80-84.

  66. Gruchy, A. G. "The Influence of Veblen on Mid-Century Institutionalism." American Economic Review, May 1958, 48 (2),

  67. H.J.L. "The Theory of the Leisure Class; Absentee Ownership." Economica, March 1925, 0 (13), 95-96.

  68. Hamilton, W. H. "The Institutional Approach to Economic Theory." American Economic Review, March 1919, 9 (1), 309-318.

  69. Hansen, A. H. "Institutional Frictions and Technological Unemployment." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1931, 45 (4), 684-697.

  70. Harris, A. L. "Veblen and the Social Phenomenon of Capitalism." American Economic Review, May 1951, 41 (2), 66-77.

  71. Hill, F. G. "Formative Relations of American Enterprise, Government and Science." Political Science Quarterly, September 1960, 75 (3), 400-419.

  72. Hill, F. G. "Wesley Mitchell's Theory of Planning." Political Science Quarterly, March 1957, 72 (1), 100-118.

  73. Hobson, J. A. "The Economics of Thorstein Veblen." Political Science Quarterly, March 1937, 52 (1), 139-144.

  74. Hodder, H. J. "The Political Ideas of Thorstein Veblen." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1953, 22 (3), 347-357.

  75. Hodgson, G. M. "The Approach of Institutional Economics." Journal of Economic Literature, March 1998, 36 (1), 166-192.

  76. Homan, P. T. "An Appraisal of Institutional Economics." American Economic Review, March 1932, 22 (1), 10-17.

  77. Homan, P. T. "Thorstein Veblen: A Chapter in American Thought." American Economic Review, September 1933, 23 (3), 480-481.

  78. Homan, P. T. et al. "Institutionalism: What It Is and What Hopes To Become." American Economic Review, March 1931, 21 (1), 134-141.

  79. Hoover, C. B. "Institutional and Theoretical Implications of Economic Change." American Economic Review, March 1954, 44 (1), 1-14.

  80. Hutchinson, T. W. "Lecturer Notes on Types of Economic Theory." Economic Journal, March 1951, 61 (241), 123-130.

  81. Innis, D. "Harold Adams Innis 1894-1952." American Economic Review, March 1953, 43 (1), 1-25.

  82. Innis, H. A. "The Bias of Communication." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1949, 15 (4), 457-476.

  83. Innis, H. A. "A Bibliography of Publications on Canadian Economics during 1927-1928." Contributions to Canadian Economics, 1928, 1 86-100.

  84. Innis, H. A. "A Bibliography of Recent Publications on Canadian Economics." Contributions to Canadian Economics, 1929, 2 (98-144),

  85. Innis, H. A. "Bibliography of Research Work." Contributions to Canadian Economics, 1928, 1 69-85.

  86. Innis, H. A. "Business Cycle: A Theoretical, Historical and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1940, 6 (1), 90-96.

  87. Innis, H. A. "Communication and Archaeology." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1951, 17 (2), 237-240.

  88. Innis, H. A. "Communication Research 1948-49; Communications in Modern Society: Royal Commission on the Press, 1947-1949: Report." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1949, 15 (4), 565-567.

  89. Innis, H. A. "Decentralization and Democracy." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1943, 9 (3), 317-330.

  90. Innis, H. A. "Economic Conditions in Canada in 1931-32." Economic Journal, March 1932, 42 (165), 1-16.

  91. Innis, H. A. "Industrialism and Cultural Values." American Economic Review, May 1951, 41 (2), 201-209.

  92. Innis, H. A. "Nationalism." American Economic Review, March 1935, 25 (1), 136-139.

  93. Innis, H. A. "A Note on Recent Publications on the Fur Trade." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1936, 2 (4), 562-573.

  94. Innis, H. A. "The Penetrative Powers of the Price System." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1938, 4 (3), 299-319.

  95. Innis, H. A. "The Role of Intelligence: Some Further Notes." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1935, 1 (2), 280-287.

  96. Innis, H. A. "A Study of War." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1943, 9 (4), 593-598.

  97. Innis, H. A. "Sub Specie Temporis." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1951, 17 (4), 553-557.

  98. Innis, H. A. "The Teaching of Economic History in Canada." Contributions to Canadian Economics, 1929, 2 52-68.

  99. Innis, H. A. "Technology and Public Opinion in the United States." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1951, 17 (1), 1-24.

  100. Innis, H. A. "Unused Capacity As a Factor in Canadian Economic History." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1936, 2 (1), 1-15.

  101. Innis, H. A. "William T. Jackman, 1871-1951." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1952, 18 (2), 201-204.

  102. Innis, H. A. et al. "Arctic Survey." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1945, 11 (1), 48-82.

  103. Jaffe, J. F. "The "Coase Theorem": A Reexamination - Comment." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1975, 89 (4), 660-661.

  104. James, C. L. "Commons on Institutional Economics." American Economic Review, March 1937, 27 ( 1), 61-75.

  105. Kiekhofer, W. H. et al. "Institutional Economics Roundtable." American Economic Review, March 1932, 22 (1), 105-116.

  106. Knight, F. H. "Institutionalism and Empiricism in Economics." American Economic Review, May 1952, 42 (2), 45-55.

  107. Lazonick, W. H. "Social Institutions, Imperfect Information and the Distribution of Income: A Comment." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1979, 92 (1), 179-184.

  108. Leibenstein, H. "Notes on Welfare Economics and the Theory of Democracy." Economic Journal, June 1962, 72 (286), 299-319.

  109. Llewellyn, K. N. "The Effect of Legal Institutions Upon Economics." American Economic Review, December 1925, 15 (4), 665-683.

  110. Marris, R. "The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Firms, Markets, Relations, Contracting." Economic Journal, March 1988, 98 (389), 184-186.

  111. Mason, E. S. "Interests, Ideologies and the Problem of Stability and Growth." American Economic Review, March 1963, 53 (1), 1-18.

  112. Millward, R. "Structure and Change in Economic History." Economic Journal, December 1983, 93 (372), 963-965.

  113. Mitchell, W. C. "Annual Report of the president of the Academy of Political Science." Political Science Quarterly, March 1942, 57 (1), 1-6.

  114. Mitchell, W. C. "The Backward Art of Spending Money." American Economic Review, June 1912, 2 (2), 269-281.

  115. Mitchell, W. C. "Commons on Institutional Economics." American Economic Review, December 1935, 25 (4), 635-652.

  116. Mitchell, W. C. "Commons on the Legal Foundations of Capitalism." American Economic Review, June 1924, 14 ( 2), 240-243.

  117. Mitchell, W. C. "The Crisis of 1920 and the Problem of Controlling the Business Cycle." American Economic Review, March 1922, 12 (1), 20-32.

  118. Mitchell, W. C. "Human Behavior and Economics: A Survey of Recent Literature." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1914, 29 (1), 1-47.

  119. Mitchell, W. C. "Mr Hoover's "The Challenge of Liberty"." Political Science Quarterly, December 1934, 49 (4), 599-614.

  120. Mitchell, W. C. "Quantitative Analysis in Economic Theory." American Economic Review, March 1924, 15 (1), 1-12.

  121. Mitchell, W. C. "Sombart's Hochkapitalismus." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1929, 43 (2), 303-323.

  122. Mitchell, W. C. "Weiser's Theory of Social Economics." Political Science Quarterly, March 1917, 32 (1), 95-118.

  123. Mumey, G. A. "The "Coase Theorem": A Reexamination." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1971, 85 (4), 718-723.

  124. Nee, V. Norms and Networks in Economic and Organizational Performance. American Economic Review 88(2), 85-89. 98.

  125. Neill, R. "The Idea File of Harold Adams Innis." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1981, 14 (4), 728-729.

  126. Nelson, R. R. "Institutions Supporting Technical Advance in Industry." American Economic Review, May 1986, 76 (2), 186-189.

  127. Newbery, D. "Economic Analysis of Law." Economic Journal, June 1975, 85 (338),

  128. North, D. C. "Beyond the New Economic History." Journal of Economic History, March 1974, 34 (1), 1-7.

  129. North, D. C. "Economic Performance Through Time." American Economic Review, June 1994, 84 (3), 359-369.

  130. North, D. C. "Institutional Change and Economic Growth." Journal of Economic History, March 1971, 31 (1), 118-125.

  131. North, D. C. "Institutions." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1991, 5 (1), 97-112.

  132. North, D. C. "Structure and Performance: The Task of Economic History." September 1978, 16 (3), 963-978.

  133. Plumptre, A. F. W. Fraser A. M. and Innis H. A. "Newfoundland, Economic and Political." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1937, 3 (1), 58-85.

  134. Posner, R. A. "The Law and Economics Movement." American Economic Review, May 1987, 77 (2),

  135. Posner, R. A. "Nobel Laureate: Ronald Coase and Methodology." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Autumn 1993, 7 (4), 195-210.

  136. Reynaud, H. "The Theory of the Leisure Class." Economic Journal, September 1925, 35 (139), 445-446.

  137. Roberts, N. J. "An Evolutionary and Institutional View of the Behavior of Public and Private Companies." American Economic Review, May 1975, 65 (2), 415-427.

  138. Romer, D. "The Theory of Social Custom: A Modification and Some Extensions." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1984, 99 (4), 717-727.

  139. Schulze, W. and D'Arge R. C. "The Coase Proposition, Information Constraints and Long-Run Equilibrium." American Economic Review, September 1974, 64 (4), 763-772.

  140. Schumpeter, J. A. "Wesley Clair Mitchell (1874-1948)." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1950, 64 (1), 139-155.

  141. Scott, A. "Property Rights and Property Wrongs." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1983, 16 (4), 555-573.

  142. Scott, D. R. "Veblen Not an Institutional Economist." American Economic Review, June 1933, 23 (2), 274-277.

  143. Shafer, J. E. "Institutional Economics of Professor Commons." American Economic Review, June 1932, 22 (2), 261-264.

  144. Shafer, J. E. "The Institutional Economics of Professor Commons: A Rejoinder." American Economic Review, March 1933, 23 (1), 87-91.

  145. Sharfman, I. L. "Common's Legal Foundations of Capitalism." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1925, 39 (2), 300-312.

  146. Silverstein, N. L. "An Appraisal of Institutional Economics: Comment." American Economic Review, June 1932, 22 (2), 268-269.

  147. Starrett, D. "Social Institutions, Imperfect Information and the Distribution of Income: Reply." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1978, 92 (1), 185-186.

  148. Starrett, D. "Social Institutions, Imperfect Information and the Distribution of Income." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1976, 90 (2), 261-284.

  149. Stewart, A. "The Wheat Economy." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1940, 6 (1), 86-90.

  150. Stocking, G. W. "Institutional Factors in Economic Thinking." American Economic Review, March 1959, 49 (1), 1-21.

  151. Sweezy, P. M. "Veblen's Critique of the American Economy." American Economic Review, May 1958, 48 (2), 21-29.

  152. Teece, D. J. "The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism: Perspectives on Alfred Chandler's Scale and Scope." Journal of Economic Literature, March 1993, 31 (1), 199-225.

  153. Tuckerman, G. "Veblen: Review." American Economic Review, December 1937, 27 (4), 773-775.

  154. Tuttle, C. A. "The Fundamental Economic Principle." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1901, 15 (2), 218-253.

  155. Usher, A. P. "The Influence of the Cod Fishery upon the History of the North American Seaboard." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1940, 6 (4), 591-599.

  156. Veblen, T. "Economic Theory in the Calculable Future." American Economic Review, March 1925, 15 (1), 48-55.

  157. Veblen, T. "Fisher's Capital and Income." Political Science Quarterly, March 1908, 23 (1), 112-128.

  158. Veblen, T. "Fisher's Rate of Interest." Political Science Quarterly, June 1909, 24 (2), 296-303.

  159. Veblen, T. "Gustav Schmoller's Economics." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1901, 16 (1), 69-63.

  160. Veblen, T. "Industrial and Pecuniary Employments." Publications of the American Economic Association, February 1901, 2 (1), 190-235.

  161. Veblen, T. "The Intellectual Pre-Eminence of Jews in Modern Europe." Political Science Quarterly, March 1919, 34 (1), 33-42.

  162. Veblen, T. "On the Nature of Capital." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1908, 22 (4), 517-542.

  163. Veblen, T. "On the Nature of Capital: Investment, Intangible Assets and the Pecuniary Magnate." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1908, 23 (1), 104-136.

  164. Veblen, T. "The Preconceptions of Economic Science I." Quarterly Journal of Economics, January 1899, 13 (2), 121-150.

  165. Veblen, T. "The Preconceptions of Economic Science II." Quarterly Journal of Economics, July 1899, 13 (4), 396-426.

  166. Veblen, T. "The Preconceptions of Economic Science III." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1900, 14 (2), 240-269.

  167. Veblen, T. "Professor Clark's Economics." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1908, 22 (2), 147-195.

  168. Veblen, T. "The Socialist Economics of Karl Marx and His Followers I." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1906, 20 (4), 575-595.

  169. Veblen, T. "The Socialist Economics of Karl Marx and His Followers II." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1907, 21 (2), 299-322.

  170. Veblen, T. "Why is Economics not an Evolutionary Science?" Quarterly Journal of Economics, July 1898, 12 (4), 373-397.

  171. Wallace, H. A. "Veblen's "Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution"." Political Science Quarterly, September 1940, 55 (3), 435-445.

  172. Wallas, G. "Veblen's Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1915, 30 (1), 179-187.

  173. Ward, J. and Innis H. A. "The Published Works of H.A. Innis." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1953, 19 (2), 233-244.

  174. Watkins, M. H. "A Staple Theory of Economic Growth." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, May 1963, 29 (2), 141-158.

  175. Watkins, M. W. "Thorstein Veblen and His America." American Economic Review, June 1935, 25 (2), 284-286.

  176. Whatley, W. C. "A History of Mechanization in the Cotton South: The Institutional Hypothesis." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1985, 100 (4), 1191-1215.

  177. Williamson, O. E. "The Institutions of Governance." American Economic Review, May 1998, 88 (2), 75-79.

  178. Willits, J. H. "Harold Adam Innis: Portrait of a Scholar." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1958, 24 (3), 420-422.

  179. Winch, D. "Science and the Legislator: Adam Smith and After." Economic Journal, September 1983, 93 (371), 501-520.

  180. Wolf, C. Jr. "Institutions and Economic Development." American Economic Review, December 1955, 45 (5), 867-883.

8. Intellectual Property

  1. Aghion, P. and Tirole J. "The Management of Innovation." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1994, 109 (4), 1185-1209.

  2. Alchian, A. A. and Demetz H. "The Property Right Paradigm." Journal of Economic History, March 1973, 33 (1), 16-27.

  3. Barnes, I. R. "Bonbright, The Valuation of Property." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1937, 52 (1), 155-178.

  4. Berkowitz, M. K. and Kotowitz Y. "Patent Policy in an Open Economy." Canadian Journal of Economics, February 1982, 15 (1), 1-17.

  5. Besen, S. M. and Raskind L. J. "An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Intellectual Property." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1991, 5 (1), 3-27.

  6. Carlin, E. A. "Intangible Property as a Tool for Analysing the Relationships Between Government and Private Enterprise." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1952, 67 (1), 112-124.

  7. Cave, J. A. K. "A Further Comment on Preemptive Patenting and the Persistence of Monopoly." American Economic Review, March 1985, 75 (1), 256-258.

  8. Choi, J. P. "Patent Litigation as an Information-Transmission Mechanism." American Economic Review, December 1998, 88 (5), 1249-1263.

  9. Cressy, R. C. "Goodwill, Intertemproal Price Dependence and the Repurchase Decision." Economic Journal, December 1983, 93 (372), 847-861.

  10. Dasgupta, P. "Patents, Priority and Imitation or the Economics of Races and Waiting Games." Economic Journal, March 1988, 98 (389), 66-80.

  11. Davis, W. H. Our National Patent Policy. American Economic Review 38(2), 235-244. 48.

  12. Delbono, F. "Market Leadership With a Sequence of History Dependent Patent Races." Journal of Industrial Economics, September 1989, 38 (1), 95-101.

  13. Demsetz, H. "The Cost of Transacting." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1968, 82 (1), 33-53.

  14. Demsetz, H. "The Firm in Economic Theory: A Quiet Revolution." American Economic Review, May 1997, 87 (2), 426-429.

  15. Demsetz, H. "Toward a Theory of Property Rights." American Economic Review, May 1967, 57 (2), 347-359.

  16. Denicolo, V. "Patent Races and Optimal Patent Breadth and Length." Journal of Industrial Economics, September 1996, 44 (3), 249-265.

  17. Dodge, W. C. "The Driven-Well Patent." Quarterly Journal of Economics, July 1891, 5 (4), 495-497.

  18. Eswaran, M. "Cross-Licensing of Competing Patents as a Facilitating Device." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1994, 27 (3), 689-708.

  19. Evenson, R. E. "Patents, R&D, and Invention Potential: International Evidence." American Economic Review, May 1993, 83 (2), 463-468.

  20. Foreman, C. J. "Computation of Good-Will Profits." American Economic Review, December 1925, 15 (4), 652-664.

  21. Foreman, C. J. "Economics and Profits of Good-Will." American Economic Review, June 1923, 13 (2), 209-224.

  22. Foreman, C. J. "Legal Theories of Profit." Political Science Quarterly, June 1918, 33 (2), 184-209.

  23. Fox, H. G. "Patents in Relation to Monopoly." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, August 1946, 12 (3), 328-342.

  24. Fox, H. G. "Patents in Relation to Monopoly: A Rejoinder." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1947, 13 (1), 68-80.

  25. Friedman, D. D. et al. "Some Economics of Trade Secrets." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1991, 5 (1), 61-72.

  26. Gilbert, R. J. and Newbery D. M. G. "Preemptive Patenting and the Persistence of Monopoly." American Economic Review, June 1982, 72 (3), 514-526.

  27. Gilbert, R. J. and Newbery D. M. G. "Preemptive Patenting and the Persistence of Monopoly: Reply." American Economic Review, March 1984, 74 (1), 251-253.

  28. Grabowski, H. G. and Vernon J. M. "Longer Patents For Lower Imitation Barriers: The 1984 Drug Act." American Economic Review, May 1986, 76 (2), 195-198.

  29. Grossman, G. M. and Shapiro C. "Counterfeit-Product Trade." American Economic Review, March 1988, 78 (1), 59-75.

  30. Grossman, G. M. and Shapiro C. "Foreign Counterfeiting of Status Goods." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1988, 103 (1), 79-100.

  31. Harris, C. and Vickers J. "Patent Races and the Persistence of Monopoly." Journal of Industrial Economics, June 1985, 33 (4), 461-481.

  32. Haveman, R. H. "Common Property, Congestion and Environmental Pollution." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1973, 87 (2), 278-287.

  33. Houlcroft, D. J. "R&D, Patents and Productivity." Economic Journal, September 1985, 95 (379), 818-820.

  34. Hughes, F. "Societ Invention Awards." Economic Journal, June 1945-September 1945, 55 (218/219), 291-297.

  35. Jaffe, A. B. et al. "Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1993, 108 (3), 577-598.

  36. Katz, M. L. and Shapiro C. "How to License Intangible Property." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1986, 101 (3), 567-590.

  37. Khan, B. Z. "Property Rights and Patent Litigation in Early Nineteenth-Century America." Journal of Economic History, March 1995, 55 (1), 58-97.

  38. Kopits, G. F. "Intra-Firm Royalties Crossing Frontiers and Transfer-Pricing Behaviour." Economic Journal, December 1976, 86 (344), 791-805.

  39. Kortum, S. "Equilibrium R&D and the Patent: R&D Ration: U.S. Evidence." American Economic Review, May 1993, 83 ( 2), 450-457.

  40. Krattenmaker, T. G. and Salop S. C. "Competition and Cooperation in the Market for Exclusionary Rights." American Economic Review, May 1986, 76 (2), 109-113.

  41. Levin, R. C. "A New Look at the Patent System." American Economic Review, May 1986, 76 (2), 199-202.

  42. Lin, P. "Fixed-Fee Licensing of Innovations and Collusion." Journal of Industrial Economics, December 1996, 44 (4), 443-449.

  43. Lott, Jr. J. R. "Licensing and Nontransferable Rents." American Economic Review, June 1987, 77 (3), 453-455.

  44. Lunn, J. "An Empirical Analysis of Process and Product Patenting: A Simultaneous Equation Framework." Journal of Industrial Economics, March 1986, 34 (3), 319-330.

  45. MacKeigan, I. M. "Notes on "Patents in Relation to Monopoly"." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1946, 12 (4), 470-482.

  46. Mansfield, E. et al. "Imitation Costs and Patents: An Empirical Study." Economic Journal, December 1981, 91 (364), 907-918.

  47. Markusen, J. R. "Cooperative Control of International Pollution and Common Property Resources." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1975, 89 (4), 618-632.

  48. Matthews, B. "The Evolution of Copyright." Political Science Quarterly, December 1890, 5 (4), 583-602.

  49. McFetridge, D. G. "R&D, Patents and Productivity." Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1985, 18 (4), 931-933.

  50. McKean, R. N. "Product Liability: Implications of Some Changing Property Rights." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1970, 84 (4), 611-626.

  51. Noam, E. M. "The Valuation of Legal Rights." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1981, 96 (3), 465-476.

  52. Nordhaus, W. D. "How Fast Should We Graze the Global Commons?" American Economic Review, May 1982, 72 (2), 242-246.

  53. Nordhaus, W. D. "The Optimum Life of a Patent: Reply." American Economic Review, June 1972, 62 (3), 428-431.

  54. Ordover, J. A. "A Patent System for Both Diffusion and Exclusion." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1991, 5 (1), 43-60.

  55. Penrose, E. T. "International Patenting and the Less-Developed Countries." Economic Journal, September 1973, 83 (331), 768-786.

  56. Plant, A. "The Economic Aspects of Copyright in Books." Economica, May 1934, 1 (2), 167-195.

  57. Plant, A. "The Economic Theory Concerning Patents for Invention." Economica, February 1934, 1 (1), 30-51.

  58. Postrel, S. R. "Competing Networks and Proprietary Standards: The Case of Quadraphonic Sound." Journal of Industrial Economics, December 1990, 39 (2), 169-185.

  59. Richardson, R. S. and Gaisford J. D. "North-South Disputes over the Protection of Intellectual Property." Canadian Journal of Economics, April 1996, 29 (Special Issue Part 2), S376-S381.

  60. Salant, S. W. "Preemptive Patenting and the Persistence of Monopoly: Comment." American Economic Review, March 1984, 74 (1), 247-250.

  61. Scherer, F. M. "Norhaus' Theory of Optimal Patent Life: A Geometric Reinterpretation." American Economic Review, June 1972, 62 (3), 422-427.

  62. Schuster, G. "The Patent and Design Acts, 1907." Economic Journal, December 1909, 19 (76), 538-551.

  63. Scotchmer, S. "Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Cumulative Research and the Patent Law." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1991, 5 (1), 29-41.

  64. Shapiro, C. "Patent Licensing and R&D Rivalry." American Economic Review, May 1985, 75 (2), 25-30.

  65. Shapiro, C. "Premiums for High Quality Products as Returns to Reputations." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1983, 98 (4), 659-680.

  66. Slive, J. and Berhardt D. "Pirated for Profit." Canadian Journal of Political Science, October 1998, 31 (4), 886-899.

  67. Smith, C. "A Century of Patent Law." Quarterly Journal of Economics, October 1890, 5 (1), 44-69.

  68. Smyth, J. E. "The Economics of the International Patent System." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, November 1052, 18 (4), 543-547.

  69. Sokoloff, K. L. "Inventive Activity in Early Industrial America: Evidence from Patent Records, 1790-1846." Journal of Economic History, December 1988, 48 (4), 813-850.

  70. Sullivan, R. J. "Estimates of the Value of Patent Rights in Great Britain and Ireland, 1852-1876." Economica, February 1994, 61 (241), 37-58.

  71. Takeyama, L. N. "The Welfare Implications of Unauthorized Preproduction of Intellectual Property in the Presence of Demand Network Externalities." Journal of Industrial Economics, June 1994, 42 (2), 155-166.

  72. Taylor, M. S. "TRIPS, Trade and Technology Transfer." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1993, 26 (3), 625-637.

  73. van Dijk, T. "Patent Height and Competition in Product Improvements." Journal of Industrial Economics, June 1996, 44 (2), 151-167.

  74. Vaughan, F. L. Patent Policy. American Economic Review 38(2), 215-234. 48.

  75. Vaughan, F. W. "Suppression and Non-Working Patents, With Special Reference to the Dye and Chemical Industries." American Economic Review, December 1919, 9 (4), 693-700.

  76. Waterson, M. "The Economics of Product Patents." American Economic Review, September 1990, 80 (4), 860-869.

  77. Yang, Y. "Why do Southern Countries Have Little Incentive to Protect Northern Intellectual Property Rights?" Canadian Journal of Economics, October 1998, 31 (4), 800-816.

9. Knowledge

  1. Akerlof, G. A. "The Economics of Caste and of the Rat Race and Other Woeful Tales." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1976, 90 (4), 599-617.

  2. Akerlof, G. A. and Dickens W. T. "The Economic Consequences of Cognitive Dissonance." American Economic Review, June 1982, 72 ( 3), 307-319.

  3. Allen, B. "Information as an Economic Commodity." American Economic Review, May 1990, 80 (2), 268-273.

  4. Anderson, L. R. and Holt C. A. "Information Cascades in the Laboratory." American Economic Review, December 1997, 87 (5), 847-862.

  5. Arrow, K. J. "Classificatory Notes on the Production and Transmission of Technological Knowledge." American Economic Review, May 1969, 59 (2), 29-35.

  6. Arrow, K. J. "Information Structure of the Firm." American Economic Review, May 1985, 75 (2), 303-307.

  7. Arrow, K. J. "Invaluable Goods." Journal of Economic Literature, June 1977, 35 (2), 757-765.

  8. Arrow, K. J. "Limited Knowledge and Economic Analysis." American Economic Review, March 1974, 64 (1), 1-10.

  9. Arrow, K. J. "Methodological Individualism and Social Knowledge." American Economic Review, May 1994, 84 (2), 1-9.

  10. Arthur, W. B. "Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality." American Economic Review, May 1994, 84 (2), 406-411.

  11. Becker, G. S. and Murphy K. M. "The Division of Labor, Coordination Costs and Knowledge." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1992, 107 (4), 1137-1160.

  12. Bernadeli, H. "What has Philosophy to Contribute to the Social Sciences, and to Economics in Particular?" Economica, November 1936, 3 (12), 443-454.

  13. Bolton, P. and Dewatripont M. "The Firm as Communication Network." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1994, 109 (4), 809-839.

  14. Carter, C. F. "The Economic Use of Brains." Economic Journal, March 1962, 72 (285), 1-11.

  15. Carver, T. N. "The Behavoristic Man." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1918, 33 (1), 195-201.

  16. Coase, R. H. "The Market for Goods and the Market for Ideas." American Economic Review, May 1974, 64 ( 2), 384-391.

  17. Coats, A. W. "Knowledge and Knowledge Production." Economic Journal, March 1982, 92 (365), 210-211.

  18. Coddington, A. "Knowledge and Ignorance in Economics." Economic Journal, December 1977, 87 (348), 790=792.

  19. Dasgupta, P. and Maskin E. "The Simple Economics of Research Portfolios." Economic Journal, September 1987, 97 (387), 581-595.

  20. De Alessi, L. "Economic Theory as a Language." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1965, 79 (3), 472-477.

  21. Dickinson, Z. C. "The Relations of Recent Psychological Developments to Economic Theory." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1919, 33 (3), 377-421.

  22. Fisher, A. G. B. "Capital and the Growth of Knowledge." Economic Journal, September 1933, 43 (171),

  23. Florence, P. S. "Knowledge for What?" Economic Journal, March 1940, 50 (197), 105-107.

  24. Freeman, C. "The Management of Scientific Talent." Economic Journal, September 1964, 74 (295), 649-650.

  25. Fuchs, V. R. "Nobel Laureate: Gary S. Becker: Ideas About Facts." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 1994, 8 (2), 183-192.

  26. Geanakopols, J. "Common Knowledge." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Autumn 1992, 6 (4), 53-82.

  27. Goffe, W. L. "Computer Network Resources for Economists." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1994, 8 (3), 97-119.

  28. Haltiwanger, J. and Waldman M. "Rational Expectation and the Limits of Rationality: An Analysis of Heterogeneity." American Economic Review, June 1985, 75 (3), 326-340.

  29. Hayek von, F. A. "Economics and Knowledge." Economica, February 1937, 4 (13), 33-54.

  30. Hayek von, F. A. "The Pretence of Knowledge." American Economic Review, December 1989, 79 ( 6), 3-7.

  31. Hayek von, F. A. "The Use of Knowledge in Society." American Economic Review, September 1945, 35 (4), 519-530.

  32. Heiner, R. A. "The Origin of Predictable Behavior." American Economic Review, September 1983, 73 (4), 560-595.

  33. Hirschleifer, J. "Where are We in the Theory of Information?" American Economic review, May 1973, 63 (2), 31-39.

  34. Jahoda, M. "Scientific Progress. A Philosophic Essay on the Economics of Research in Natural Science." Economic Journal, March 1979, 89 (353), 194-195.

  35. Kettler, D. "Sociology of Knowledge and Moral Philosophy: The Place of Traditional Problems in the Formation of Mannheim's Thought." Political Science Quarterly, September 1967, 82 (3), 399-426.

  36. Koopmans, T. C. "Economics among the Sciences." American Economic Review, March 1979, 69 (1), 1-13.

  37. Landauer, C. "Toward a Unified Social Science." Political Science Quarterly, December 1971, 86 (4), 563-585.

  38. Lawson, T. "The Relative/Absolute Nature of Knowledge and Economic Analysis." Economic Journal, December 1987, 97 (388), 951-970.

  39. Lippman, W. "The Press and Public Opinion." Political Science Quarterly, June 1931, 46 (2), 161-170.

  40. Loasby, B. J. "Models of Bounded Rationality. Vol. 1. Economic Analysis and Public Policy. Vol. 2. Behavioural Economics and Business Organization." Economic Journal, September 1985, 95 (379), 796-799.

  41. Lowry, S. T. "Recent Literature on Ancient Greek Economic Thought." Journal of Economic Literature, March 1979, 17 (1), 65-86.

  42. MacKie-Mason, J. K. and Varian H. "Economic FAQs About the Internet." Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1994, 8 (3), 75-96.

  43. Malmgren, H. B. "Information, Expectations and the Theory of the Firm." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1961, 75 (3), 399-421.

  44. McClosky, D. N. "Modern Epistemology Against Analytic Philosophy: A Reply to Maki." Journal of Economic Literature, September 1995, 33 (3), 1319-1323.

  45. Nelson, R. R. "The Role of Knowledge in R&D Efficiency." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1982, 97 (3), 453-470.

  46. Nelson, R. R. and Winter S. G. "A Case Study in the Economics of Information and Coordination: The Weather Forecasting System." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1964, 78 (3), 420-441.

  47. Opie, R. "An Outline of Modern Knowledge." Economic Journal, December 1931, 41 (164), 611-613.

  48. Ozga, S. A. "Imperfect Markets through Lack of Knowledge." Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1960, 74 (1), 29-52.

  49. Rabin, M. "Psychology and Economics." Journal of Economic Literature, March 1998, 36 (1), 11-46.

  50. Russell, T. and Thaler R. "The Relevance of Quasi Rationality in Competitive Markets." American Economic Review, December 1985, 75 (5), 1071-1082.

  51. Schuetz, A. "The Problem of Rationality in the Social World." Economica, May 1943, 10 (38), 130-149.

  52. Sen, A. "Rationality and Social Choice." American Economic Review, March 1995, 85 (1), 1-24.

  53. Simon, H. A. "Rationality as Process and as Product of Thought." American Economic Review, May 1978, 68 (2), 1-16.

  54. Spence, M. "Information Aspects of Market Structure: An Introduction." Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1976, 90 (4), 591-597.

  55. Thomson, H. F. "Adam Smith's Philosophy of Science." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1965, 79 (2), 212-233.

  56. Verry, D. W. and Layard P. R. G. "Cost Functions for University Teaching and Research." Economic Journal, March 1975, 85 (337), 55-74.

  57. Williams, B. R. "The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United States." Economic Journal, March 1964, 74 (293), 174-175.

  58. Wolf, A. "Intelligence, Sentiment and Human Progress." Economica, November 1925, 0 (15), 258-269.

  59. Woodbury, R. M. "General Intelligence and Wages." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1917, 31 (4), 690-704.

10. X-Efficiency

  1. Bergsman, J. "Commercial Policy, Allocative Efficiency and "X-Efficiency"." Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1974, 88 (3), 409-433.

  2. Betts, J. R. "Inside the Firm: The Inefficiencies of Hierarchy." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1988, 21 (3), 684-686.

  3. Betts, J. R. "Inside the Form: The Inefficiencies of Hierarchy." Canadian Journal of Economics, August 1988, 21 (3), 684-686.

  4. Blois, K. J. "A Note on X-Efficiency and Profit Maximization." Quarterly Journal of Economics, May 1972, 86 (2), 310-312.

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